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DBMS > Cassandra vs. CrateDB vs. Milvus vs. Titan vs. WakandaDB

System Properties Comparison Cassandra vs. CrateDB vs. Milvus vs. Titan vs. WakandaDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameCassandra  Xexclude from comparisonCrateDB  Xexclude from comparisonMilvus  Xexclude from comparisonTitan  Xexclude from comparisonWakandaDB  Xexclude from comparison
Titan has been decommisioned after the takeover by Datastax. It will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking. A fork has been open-sourced as JanusGraph.
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessDistributed Database based on LuceneA DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searchesTitan is a Graph DBMS optimized for distributed clusters.WakandaDB is embedded in a server that provides a REST API and a server-side javascript engine to access data
Primary database modelWide column storeDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Vector DBMS
Vector DBMSGraph DBMSObject oriented DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score98.83
Rank#12  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score0.71
Rank#227  Overall
#37  Document stores
#5  Spatial DBMS
#16  Search engines
#19  Time Series DBMS
#8  Vector DBMS
Score2.78
Rank#103  Overall
#3  Vector DBMS
Score0.10
Rank#356  Overall
#16  Object oriented DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orgcratedb.commilvus.iogithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titanwakanda.github.io
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestcratedb.com/­docsmilvus.io/­docs/­overview.mdgithub.com/­thinkaurelius/­titan/­wikiwakanda.github.io/­doc
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookCrateAurelius, owned by DataStaxWakanda SAS
Initial release20082013201920122012
Current release4.1.3, July 20232.3.4, January 20242.7.0 (April 29, 2019), April 2019
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache license, version 2.0Open Source infoAGPLv3, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.CrateDB Cloud: a distributed SQL database that spreads data and processing across an elastic cluster of shared nothing nodes. CrateDB Cloud enables data insights at scale on Microsoft Azure, AWS and Google Cloud Platform.Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for Milvus
Implementation languageJavaJavaC++, GoJavaC++, JavaScript
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
All Operating Systems, including Kubernetes with CrateDB Kubernetes Operator supportLinux
macOS info10.14 or later
Windows infowith WSL 2 enabled
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeFlexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free)yesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesVector, Numeric and Stringyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)yes, but no triggers and constraints, and PostgreSQL compatibilitynonono
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Prometheus Remote Read/Write
RESTful HTTP API
RESTful HTTP APIJava API
TinkerPop Blueprints
TinkerPop Frames
TinkerPop Gremlin
TinkerPop Rexster
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.NET
Erlang
Go infocommunity maintained client
Java
JavaScript (Node.js) infocommunity maintained client
Perl infocommunity maintained client
PHP
Python
R
Ruby infocommunity maintained client
Scala infocommunity maintained client
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Clojure
Java
Python
JavaScript
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functions (Javascript)noyesyes
Triggersyesnonoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"ShardingShardingyes infovia pluggable storage backendsnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleConfigurable replication on table/partition-levelyesnone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesnonoyes infovia Faunus, a graph analytics engineno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Eventual Consistency
Read-after-write consistency on record level
Bounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes infoRelationships in graph
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsno infounique row identifiers can be used for implementing an optimistic concurrency control strategynoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoSupports various storage backends: Cassandra, HBase, Berkeley DB, Akiban, Hazelcastyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectrights management via user accountsRole based access control and fine grained access rightsUser authentification and security via Rexster Graph Serveryes
More information provided by the system vendor
CassandraCrateDBMilvusTitanWakandaDB
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
» more
The enterprise database for time series, documents, and vectors. Distributed - Native...
» more
Milvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
» more
Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Response time in milliseconds: e ven for complex ad-hoc queries. Massive scaling...
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Highly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
» more
​ IoT: accelerate your IIoT projects with CrateDB, delivering real-time analytics...
» more
RAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
» more
Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
» more
Across all continents, CrateDB is used by companies of all sizes to meet the most...
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Milvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more
Market metricsCassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
» more
The CrateDB open source project was started in 2013 Honorable Mention in 2021 Gartner®...
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As of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations​ ​ 3k+ enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
» more
See CrateDB pricing >
» more
Milvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
» more
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