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DBMS > Apache Cassandra vs. CouchDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OrigoDB vs. QuestDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Cassandra vs. CouchDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OrigoDB vs. QuestDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Cassandra  Xexclude from comparisonCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonOrigoDB  Xexclude from comparisonQuestDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionWide-column store based on ideas of BigTable and DynamoDB infoOptimized for write accessA native JSON - document store inspired by Lotus Notes, scalable from globally distributed server-clusters down to mobile phones.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformA fully ACID in-memory object graph databaseA high performance open source SQL database for time series data
Primary database modelWide column storeDocument storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedDocument store
Object oriented DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Secondary database modelsVector DBMS infostarting with release V5Spatial DBMS infousing the Geocouch extensionDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score98.94
Rank#11  Overall
#1  Wide column stores
Score7.46
Rank#51  Overall
#7  Document stores
Score3.28
Rank#83  Overall
#45  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#385  Overall
#54  Document stores
#21  Object oriented DBMS
Score2.81
Rank#98  Overall
#7  Time Series DBMS
Websitecassandra.apache.orgcouchdb.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerorigodb.comquestdb.io
Technical documentationcassandra.apache.org/­doc/­latestdocs.couchdb.org/­en/­stabledocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerorigodb.com/­docsquestdb.io/­docs
DeveloperApache Software Foundation infoApache top level project, originally developped by FacebookApache Software Foundation infoApache top-level project, originally developed by Damien Katz, a former Lotus Notes developerMicrosoftRobert Friberg et alQuestDB Technology Inc
Initial release2008200520192009 infounder the name LiveDB2014
Current release5.0-rc1, July 20243.3.3, December 2023cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache version 2Open Source infoApache version 2commercialOpen SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Astra DB: Multi-cloud DBaaS built on Apache Cassandra.
Implementation languageJavaErlangC#Java (Zero-GC), C++, Rust
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Windows
Android
BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
hostedLinux
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yesyes infoschema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocol
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesUser defined using .NET types and collectionsyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno infocan be achieved using .NETno
Secondary indexesrestricted infoonly equality queries, not always the best performing solutionyes infovia viewsall fields are automatically indexedyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like SELECT, DML and DDL statements (CQL)noKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetnoSQL with time-series extensions
APIs and other access methodsProprietary protocol infoCQL (Cassandra Query Language, an SQL-like language)
Thrift
RESTful HTTP/JSON APIMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
.NET Client API
HTTP API
LINQ
HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
C#
ColdFusion
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Lisp
Lua
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
PL/SQL
Python
Ruby
Smalltalk
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.NetC infoPostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust infoover HTTP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoView functions in JavaScriptYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryesno
Triggersyesyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes infoDomain Eventsno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infono "single point of failure"Sharding infoimproved architecture with release 2.0Sharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicehorizontal partitioning infoclient side managed; servers are not synchronizedhorizontal partitioning (by timestamps)
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factor infoRepresentation of geographical distribution of servers is possibleMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replicationSource-replica replication with eventual consistency
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsyesyesSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency infocan be individually decided for each write operation
Eventual ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononodepending on modelno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datano infoAtomicity and isolation are supported for single operationsno infoatomic operations within a single document possiblenoACIDACID for single-table writes
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infostrategy: optimistic lockingyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoWrite ahead logyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononoyesyes infothrough memory mapped files
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess rights for users can be defined per objectAccess rights for users can be defined per databaseAzure Active Directory AuthenticationRole based authorization
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache CassandraCouchDB infostands for "Cluster Of Unreliable Commodity Hardware"Microsoft Azure Data ExplorerOrigoDBQuestDB
Specific characteristicsApache Cassandra is the leading NoSQL, distributed database management system, well...
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Competitive advantagesNo single point of failure ensures 100% availability . Operational simplicity for...
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Typical application scenariosInternet of Things (IOT), fraud detection applications, recommendation engines, product...
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Key customersApple, Netflix, Uber, ING,, Intuit,Fidelity, NY Times, Outbrain, BazaarVoice, Best...
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Market metricsApache Cassandra is used by 40% of the Fortune 100.
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Licensing and pricing modelsApache license  Pricing for commercial distributions provided by DataStax and available...
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