this is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine

support for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/time-series-analysis

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.04
Rank	#388	Overall
	#62	Key-value stores

Score	0.17
Rank	#335	Overall
	#31	Graph DBMS

Score	3.80
Rank	#81	Overall
	#43	Relational DBMS

Score	0.06
Rank	#380	Overall
	#50	Document stores
	#18	Object oriented DBMS

Website

cachelot.io

github.com/hugegraph
hugegraph.apache.org

azure.microsoft.com/services/data-explorer

origodb.com

Technical documentation

hugegraph.apache.org/docs

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer

origodb.com/docs

Developer

Baidu

Microsoft

Robert Friberg et al

Initial release

2015

2018

2019

2009

under the name LiveDB

Current release

0.9

cloud service with continuous releases

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Simplified BSD License

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Open Source

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

Server operating systems

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X

Linux
macOS
Unix

hosted

Linux
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

Fixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

bool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types

User defined using .NET types and collections

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

can be achieved using .NET

Secondary indexes

yes

also supports composite index and range index

all fields are automatically indexed

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset

APIs and other access methods

Memcached protocol

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
TinkerPop Gremlin

Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API

.NET Client API
HTTP API
LINQ

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
ColdFusion
Erlang
Java
Lisp
Lua
OCaml
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby

Groovy
Java
Python

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R

.Net

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

asynchronous Gremlin script jobs

Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R

yes

Triggers

yes

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/management/updatepolicy

yes

Domain Events

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

yes

depending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBase

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

horizontal partitioning

client side managed; servers are not synchronized

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

yes

depending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBase

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

via hugegraph-spark

Spark connector (open source): github.com/Azure/azure-kusto-spark

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

none

Eventual Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

edges in graph

depending on model

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Write ahead log

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users, roles and permissions

Azure Active Directory Authentication

Role based authorization

More information provided by the system vendor

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services

We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

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