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DBMS > BoltDB vs. TypeDB vs. Ultipa vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison BoltDB vs. TypeDB vs. Ultipa vs. Virtuoso

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameBoltDB  Xexclude from comparisonTypeDB infoformerly named Grakn  Xexclude from comparisonUltipa  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embedded key-value store for Go.TypeDB is a strongly-typed database with a rich and logical type system and TypeQL as its query languageHigh performance Graph DBMS supporting HTAP high availability cluster deploymentVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelKey-value storeGraph DBMS
Relational DBMS infoOften described as a 'hyper-relational' database, since it implements the 'Entity-Relationship Paradigm' to manage complex data structures and ontologies.
Graph DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.74
Rank#220  Overall
#31  Key-value stores
Score0.65
Rank#234  Overall
#20  Graph DBMS
#107  Relational DBMS
Score0.13
Rank#335  Overall
#31  Graph DBMS
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitegithub.com/­boltdb/­bolttypedb.comwww.ultipa.comvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationtypedb.com/­docswww.ultipa.com/­documentdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperVaticleUltipaOpenLink Software
Initial release2013201620191998
Current release2.26.3, January 20247.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoGPL Version 3, commercial licenses availablecommercialOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoJavaC
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes
Secondary indexesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsgRPC protocol
TypeDB Console (shell)
TypeDB Studio (Visualisation software- previously TypeDB Workbase)
RESTful HTTP APIADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesGoAll JVM based languages
Groovy
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoby using Cassandrayes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneMulti-source replication infoby using CassandraChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infoby using Apache Kafka and Apache Zookeeperyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnoneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynono infosubstituted by the relationship featureyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datayesACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoyes infoat REST API level; other APIs in progressFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
BoltDBTypeDB infoformerly named GraknUltipaVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsTypeDB is a polymorphic database with a conceptual data model, a strong subtyping...
» more
Virtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesTypeDB provides a new level of expressivity, extensibility, interoperability, and...
» more
Performance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosLife sciences : TypeDB makes working with biological data much easier and accelerates...
» more
Used for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsApache f or language drivers, and AGPL and Commercial for the database server. The...
» more
Available in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
BoltDBTypeDB infoformerly named GraknUltipaVirtuoso
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