DBMS > BoltDB vs. etcd vs. RocksDB vs. Stardog vs. Transbase

System Properties Comparison BoltDB vs. etcd vs. RocksDB vs. Stardog vs. Transbase

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Embeddable persistent key-value store optimized for fast storage (flash and RAM)

Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization

A resource-optimized, high-performance, universally applicable RDBMS

Primary database model

Key-value store

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.74
Rank	#220	Overall
	#31	Key-value stores

Score	7.25
Rank	#54	Overall
	#5	Key-value stores

Score	3.65
Rank	#85	Overall
	#11	Key-value stores

Score	2.02
Rank	#123	Overall
	#11	Graph DBMS
	#6	RDF stores

Score	0.11
Rank	#341	Overall
	#150	Relational DBMS

Website

github.com/boltdb/bolt

etcd.io
github.com/etcd-io/etcd

rocksdb.org

www.stardog.com

www.transaction.de/en/products/transbase.html

Technical documentation

etcd.io/docs
github.com/etcd-io/etcd/tree/master/Documentation

github.com/facebook/rocksdb/wiki

docs.stardog.com

www.transaction.de/en/products/transbase/features.html

Developer

Facebook, Inc.

Stardog-Union

Transaction Software GmbH

Initial release

2013

2010

1987

Current release

3.4, August 2019

8.11.4, April 2024

7.3.0, May 2020

Transbase 8.3, 2022

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

MIT License

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

BSD

commercial

60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students

commercial

free development license

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Java

C and C++

Server operating systems

BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
Windows

experimental

Linux

Linux
macOS
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Import/export of XML data possible

Secondary indexes

yes

supports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server

yes

APIs and other access methods

gRPC
JSON over HTTP

C++ API
Java API

GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl

C
C++
Go
Java
Perl
Python
Ruby

.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby

C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Kotlin
Objective-C
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java

yes

Triggers

yes, watching key changes

yes

via event handlers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

horizontal partitioning

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.

yes

Multi-source replication in HA-Cluster

Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

none

Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

yes

ACID

yes

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users and roles

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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