DBMS > BoltDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Realm vs. RocksDB vs. Weaviate

System Properties Comparison BoltDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Realm vs. RocksDB vs. Weaviate

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An embedded key-value store for Go.

Fully managed big data interactive analytics platform

A DBMS built for use on mobile devices that’s a fast, easy to use alternative to SQLite and Core Data

Embeddable persistent key-value store optimized for fast storage (flash and RAM)

An AI-native realtime vector database engine that integrates scalable machine learning models.

Primary database model

column oriented

Secondary database models

Document store

If a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types/dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store

this is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine

support for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/time-series-analysis

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.80
Rank	#215	Overall
	#31	Key-value stores

Score	3.80
Rank	#81	Overall
	#43	Relational DBMS

Score	7.41
Rank	#52	Overall
	#8	Document stores

Score	3.41
Rank	#86	Overall
	#11	Key-value stores

Score	1.52
Rank	#153	Overall
	#5	Vector DBMS

Website

github.com/boltdb/bolt

azure.microsoft.com/services/data-explorer

realm.io

rocksdb.org

github.com/weaviate/weaviate
weaviate.io

Technical documentation

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer

realm.io/docs

github.com/facebook/rocksdb/wiki

weaviate.io/developers/weaviate

Developer

Microsoft

Realm, acquired by MongoDB in May 2019

Facebook, Inc.

Weaviate B.V.

Initial release

2013

2019

2014

2013

2019

Current release

cloud service with continuous releases

9.2.1, May 2024

1.19, May 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

MIT License

commercial

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

commercial license available with Weaviate Enterprise

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Server operating systems

BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

hosted

Android
Backend: server-less
iOS
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

Fixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)

yes

schema-free

yes, maps to GraphQL interface

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

bool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types

yes

string, int, float, geo point, date, cross reference, fuzzy references

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

all fields are automatically indexed

yes

all data objects are indexed in a semantic vector space (the Contextionary), all primitive fields are indexed

SQL

Support of SQL

Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset

GraphQL is used as query language

APIs and other access methods

Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API

C++ API
Java API

GraphQL query language
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R

.Net
Java

with Android only
Objective-C
React Native
Swift

C
C++
Go
Java
Perl
Python
Ruby

JavaScript / TypeScript
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R

runs within the applications so server-side scripts are unnecessary

Triggers

yes

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/management/updatepolicy

yes

Change Listeners

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

none

horizontal partitioning

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.

none

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Spark connector (open source): github.com/Azure/azure-kusto-spark

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

none

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

yes

ACID

yes

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

In-Memory realm

yes

User concepts

Access control

Azure Active Directory Authentication

yes

API Keys
OpenID Connect Discovery

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Weaviate is an open source vector database that is robust, scalable, cloud-native,...
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Competitive advantages

Flexible deployment - Free, open source or fully-managed cloud vector database service...
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Typical application scenarios

As a database supporting the development of generative AI and semantic search applications...
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Key customers

All companies that have data.
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Market metrics

As of mid 2023: Over 2 million open source downloads 3500+ Weaviate Slack community...
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Licensing and pricing models

Weaviate is open-source, and free to use. Weaviate is also available as a fully managed...
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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.