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DBMS > BoltDB vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OrientDB vs. Teradata Aster

System Properties Comparison BoltDB vs. MarkLogic vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OrientDB vs. Teradata Aster

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameBoltDB  Xexclude from comparisonMarkLogic  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparisonTeradata Aster  Xexclude from comparison
Teradata Aster has been integrated into other Teradata systems and therefore will be removed from the DB-Engines ranking.
DescriptionAn embedded key-value store for Go.Operational and transactional Enterprise NoSQL databaseFully managed big data interactive analytics platformMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)Platform for big data analytics on multistructured data sources and types
Primary database modelKey-value storeDocument store
Native XML DBMS
RDF store infoas of version 7
Search engine
Relational DBMS infocolumn orientedDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.74
Rank#220  Overall
#31  Key-value stores
Score5.92
Rank#58  Overall
#10  Document stores
#1  Native XML DBMS
#1  RDF stores
#6  Search engines
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score3.19
Rank#93  Overall
#16  Document stores
#7  Graph DBMS
#14  Key-value stores
Websitegithub.com/­boltdb/­boltwww.marklogic.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerorientdb.org
Technical documentationdocs.marklogic.comdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.html
DeveloperMarkLogic Corp.MicrosoftOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAPTeradata
Initial release20132001201920102005
Current release11.0, December 2022cloud service with continuous releases3.2.29, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT Licensecommercial inforestricted free version is availablecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoC++Java
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedAll OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)Linux
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free infoSchema can be enforcedFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")Flexible Schema (defined schema, partial schema, schema free) infodefined schema within the relational store; partial schema or schema free in the Aster File Store
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyesyesnoyes infoin Aster File Store
Secondary indexesnoyesall fields are automatically indexedyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infoSQL92Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL-like query language, no joinsyes
APIs and other access methodsJava API
Node.js Client API
ODBC
proprietary Optic API infoProprietary Query API, introduced with version 9
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL
WebDAV
XDBC
XQuery
XSLT
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
OLE DB
Supported programming languagesGoC
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C
C#
C++
Java
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infovia XQuery or JavaScriptYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RJava, JavascriptR packages
Triggersnoyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyHooksno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replicationyes infoDimension tables are replicated across all nodes in the cluster. The number of replicas for the file store can be configured.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infovia Hadoop Connector, HDFS Direct Access and in-database MapReduce jobsSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno infocould be achieved with distributed queriesyes infoSQL Map-Reduce Framework
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnoneImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes inforelationship in graphsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datayesACID infocan act as a resource manager in an XA/JTA transactionnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes, with Range Indexesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlnoRole-based access control at the document and subdocument levelsAzure Active Directory AuthenticationAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurablefine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
BoltDBMarkLogicMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerOrientDBTeradata Aster
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