DBMS > BoltDB vs. LMDB vs. Lovefield vs. OpenQM vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison BoltDB vs. LMDB vs. Lovefield vs. OpenQM vs. RDF4J

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An embedded key-value store for Go.

A high performant, light-weight, embedded key-value database library

Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScript

QpenQM is a high-performance, self-tuning, multi-value DBMS

RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.

Primary database model

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.80
Rank	#215	Overall
	#31	Key-value stores

Score	2.09
Rank	#121	Overall
	#20	Key-value stores

Score	0.33
Rank	#286	Overall
	#131	Relational DBMS

Score	0.34
Rank	#284	Overall
	#10	Multivalue DBMS

Score	0.74
Rank	#222	Overall
	#9	RDF stores

Website

github.com/boltdb/bolt

www.symas.com/symas-embedded-database-lmdb

google.github.io/lovefield

www.rocketsoftware.com/products/rocket-multivalue-application-development-platform/rocket-open-qm

rdf4j.org

Technical documentation

www.lmdb.tech/doc

github.com/google/lovefield/blob/master/docs/spec_index.md

rdf4j.org/documentation

Developer

Symas

Google

Rocket Software, originally Martin Phillips

Since 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.

Initial release

2013

2011

2014

1993

2004

Current release

0.9.32, January 2024

2.1.12, February 2017

3.4-12

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

MIT License

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

GPLv2, extended commercial license available

Open Source

Eclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

JavaScript

Java

Server operating systems

BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux
Unix
Windows

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

tested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari

AIX
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Solaris
Windows

Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

with some exceptions

yes

RDF Schemas

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

via JavaScript builder pattern

APIs and other access methods

Java API
RIO

RDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL

Sesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Nim
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Swift
Tcl

JavaScript

.Net
Basic
C
Java
Objective C
PHP
Python

Java
PHP
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Triggers

Using read-only observers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

yes

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

yes

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

none

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

yes

ACID

Isolation support depends on the API used

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Database

yes

in-memory storage is supported as well

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

using MemoryDB

User concepts

Access control

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

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