DBMS > BoltDB vs. Immudb vs. MySQL vs. Trafodion

System Properties Comparison BoltDB vs. Immudb vs. MySQL vs. Trafodion

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Apache Trafodion has been retired in 2021. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.

Description

An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.

Widely used open source RDBMS

Transactional SQL-on-Hadoop DBMS

Primary database model

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Key/Value like access via memcached API

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

Document store
Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.74
Rank	#220	Overall
	#31	Key-value stores

Score	0.24
Rank	#305	Overall
	#43	Key-value stores

Score	1083.74
Rank	#2	Overall
	#2	Relational DBMS

Website

github.com/boltdb/bolt

github.com/codenotary/immudb
immudb.io

www.mysql.com

trafodion.apache.org

Technical documentation

docs.immudb.io

dev.mysql.com/doc

trafodion.apache.org/documentation.html

Developer

Codenotary

Oracle

since 2010, originally MySQL AB, then Sun

Apache Software Foundation, originally developed by HP

Initial release

2013

2020

1995

2014

Current release

1.2.3, April 2022

8.4.0, April 2024

2.3.0, February 2019

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

MIT License

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

GPL version 2. Commercial licenses with extended functionallity are available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

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Implementation language

C and C++

C++, Java

Server operating systems

BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

FreeBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like syntax

yes

with proprietary extensions

yes

APIs and other access methods

gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary native API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

proprietary syntax

Java Stored Procedures

Triggers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

horizontal partitioning, sharding with MySQL Cluster or MySQL Fabric

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

yes, via HBase

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

via user defined functions and HBase

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

none

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

not for MyISAM storage engine

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

yes

ACID

not for MyISAM storage engine

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

table locks or row locks depending on storage engine

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Users with fine-grained authorization concept

no user groups or roles

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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