DBMS > BoltDB vs. HBase vs. OrientDB vs. RocksDB vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison BoltDB vs. HBase vs. OrientDB vs. RocksDB vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Wide-column store based on Apache Hadoop and on concepts of BigTable

Multi-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)

Embeddable persistent key-value store optimized for fast storage (flash and RAM)

Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization

Primary database model

Key-value store

Wide column store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store

Key-value store

Graph DBMS
RDF store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.74
Rank	#220	Overall
	#31	Key-value stores

Score	30.50
Rank	#26	Overall
	#2	Wide column stores

Score	3.19
Rank	#93	Overall
	#16	Document stores
	#7	Graph DBMS
	#14	Key-value stores

Score	3.65
Rank	#85	Overall
	#11	Key-value stores

Score	2.02
Rank	#123	Overall
	#11	Graph DBMS
	#6	RDF stores

Website

github.com/boltdb/bolt

Technical documentation

hbase.apache.org/book.html

www.orientdb.com/docs/last/index.html

github.com/facebook/rocksdb/wiki

docs.stardog.com

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Apache top-level project, originally developed by Powerset

OrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP

Facebook, Inc.

Stardog-Union

Initial release

2013

2008

2010

2013

2010

Current release

2.3.4, January 2021

3.2.29, March 2024

8.11.4, April 2024

7.3.0, May 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

MIT License

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

Apache version 2

Open Source

BSD

commercial

60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

C++

Java

Server operating systems

BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux
Unix
Windows

using Cygwin

All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)

Linux

Linux
macOS
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

schema-free, schema definition possible

schema-free

Schema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")

schema-free

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

options to bring your own types, AVRO

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Import/export of XML data possible

Secondary indexes

yes

supports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language, no joins

Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server

APIs and other access methods

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
Thrift

Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

C++ API
Java API

GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3

Supported programming languages

C
C#
C++
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

C
C++
Go
Java
Perl
Python
Ruby

.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Coprocessors in Java

Java, Javascript

user defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java

Triggers

yes

Hooks

yes

via event handlers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

horizontal partitioning

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

Multi-source replication

yes

Multi-source replication in HA-Cluster

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

could be achieved with distributed queries

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

none

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationship in graphs

yes

relationships in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

yes

Single row ACID (across millions of columns)

ACID

yes

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access Control Lists (ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC

Access rights for users and roles; record level security configurable

Access rights for users and roles

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