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DBMS > BoltDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. H2

System Properties Comparison BoltDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. H2

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameBoltDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embedded key-value store for Go.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Full-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.
Primary database modelKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.74
Rank#220  Overall
#31  Key-value stores
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­boltdb/­boltcloud.google.com/­spannerwww.h2database.com
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docswww.h2database.com/­html/­main.html
DeveloperGoogleThomas Mueller
Initial release201320172005
Current release2.2.220, July 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicensecommercialOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoJava
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
hostedAll OS with a Java VM
Data schemeschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yes
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesGoGo
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoJava Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions
Triggersnonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnoneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datayesACID infoStrict serializable isolationACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
BoltDBGoogle Cloud SpannerH2
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