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DBMS > BoltDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Hive vs. HugeGraph vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison BoltDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Hive vs. HugeGraph vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameBoltDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonHive  Xexclude from comparisonHugeGraph  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embedded key-value store for Go.Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.data warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on HadoopA fast-speed and highly-scalable Graph DBMSVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelKey-value storeKey-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMSGraph DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.74
Rank#220  Overall
#31  Key-value stores
Score3.26
Rank#92  Overall
#13  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score61.17
Rank#18  Overall
#12  Relational DBMS
Score0.13
Rank#336  Overall
#32  Graph DBMS
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitegithub.com/­boltdb/­boltcloud.google.com/­bigtablehive.apache.orggithub.com/­hugegraph
hugegraph.apache.org
virtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docscwiki.apache.org/­confluence/­display/­Hive/­Homehugegraph.apache.org/­docsdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperGoogleApache Software Foundation infoinitially developed by FacebookBaiduOpenLink Software
Initial release20132015201220181998
Current release3.1.3, April 20220.97.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicensecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2Open Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoJavaJavaC
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
hostedAll OS with a Java VMLinux
macOS
Unix
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenonoyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesnonoyesyes infoalso supports composite index and range indexyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnoyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
JDBC
ODBC
Thrift
Java API
RESTful HTTP API
TinkerPop Gremlin
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesGoC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Groovy
Java
Python
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyes infouser defined functions and integration of map-reduceasynchronous Gremlin script jobsyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersnonononoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardingyes infodepending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBaseyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesselectable replication factoryes infodepending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBaseChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesyes infoquery execution via MapReducevia hugegraph-sparkyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnoneImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Eventual ConsistencyEventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes infoedges in graphyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datayesAtomic single-row operationsnoACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Access rights for users, groups and rolesUsers, roles and permissionsFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
BoltDBGoogle Cloud BigtableHiveHugeGraphVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
BoltDBGoogle Cloud BigtableHiveHugeGraphVirtuoso
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