DBMS > BoltDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Hive vs. HugeGraph vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

System Properties Comparison BoltDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Hive vs. HugeGraph vs. Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.

data warehouse software for querying and managing large distributed datasets, built on Hadoop

A fast-speed and highly-scalable Graph DBMS

Globally distributed, horizontally scalable, multi-model database service

Primary database model

Key-value store

Key-value store
Wide column store

Relational DBMS

Graph DBMS

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Wide column store

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.74
Rank	#220	Overall
	#31	Key-value stores

Score	3.26
Rank	#92	Overall
	#13	Key-value stores
	#8	Wide column stores

Score	61.17
Rank	#18	Overall
	#12	Relational DBMS

Score	0.13
Rank	#336	Overall
	#32	Graph DBMS

Score	29.04
Rank	#27	Overall
	#4	Document stores
	#2	Graph DBMS
	#3	Key-value stores
	#3	Wide column stores

Website

github.com/boltdb/bolt

cloud.google.com/bigtable

hive.apache.org

github.com/hugegraph
hugegraph.apache.org

azure.microsoft.com/services/cosmos-db

Technical documentation

cloud.google.com/bigtable/docs

cwiki.apache.org/confluence/display/Hive/Home

hugegraph.apache.org/docs

learn.microsoft.com/azure/cosmos-db

Developer

Google

Apache Software Foundation

initially developed by Facebook

Baidu

Microsoft

Initial release

2013

2015

2012

2018

2014

Current release

3.1.3, April 2022

0.9

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

MIT License

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

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Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

hosted

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
macOS
Unix

hosted

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

JSON types

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

also supports composite index and range index

yes

All properties auto-indexed by default

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)

JDBC
ODBC
Thrift

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
TinkerPop Gremlin

DocumentDB API
Graph API (Gremlin)
MongoDB API
RESTful HTTP API
Table API

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C++
Java
PHP
Python

Groovy
Java
Python

.Net
C#
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
MongoDB client drivers written for various programming languages
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

user defined functions and integration of map-reduce

asynchronous Gremlin script jobs

JavaScript

Triggers

JavaScript

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

yes

depending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBase

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

Internal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zones

selectable replication factor

yes

depending on used storage backend, e.g. Cassandra and HBase

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

query execution via MapReduce

via hugegraph-spark

with Hadoop integration

Integration with Hadoop/HDInsight on Azure*

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

none

Immediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)

Eventual Consistency

Bounded Staleness
Consistent Prefix
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Consistency level configurable on request level
Session Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

edges in graph

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

yes

Atomic single-row operations

ACID

Multi-item ACID transactions with snapshot isolation within a partition

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)

Access rights for users, groups and roles

Users, roles and permissions

Access rights can be defined down to the item level

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