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DBMS > BoltDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Graphite vs. Kingbase vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison BoltDB vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Graphite vs. Kingbase vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameBoltDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonGraphite  Xexclude from comparisonKingbase  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embedded key-value store for Go.Google's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Data logging and graphing tool for time series data infoThe storage layer (fixed size database) is called WhisperAn enterprise-class RDBMS compatible with PostgreSQL and Oracle and widely used in China.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelKey-value storeKey-value store
Wide column store
Time Series DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Document store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.74
Rank#220  Overall
#31  Key-value stores
Score3.26
Rank#92  Overall
#13  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score4.57
Rank#73  Overall
#5  Time Series DBMS
Score0.45
Rank#262  Overall
#123  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­boltdb/­boltcloud.google.com/­bigtablegithub.com/­graphite-project/­graphite-webwww.kingbase.com.cnazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer
Technical documentationcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docsgraphite.readthedocs.iodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperGoogleChris DavisBeiJing KINGBASE Information technologies inc.Microsoft
Initial release20132015200619992019
Current releaseV8.0, August 2021cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicensecommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnonoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoPythonC and Java
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
hostedLinux
Unix
Linux
Windows
hosted
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeyesyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenonoNumeric data onlyyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyesyes
Secondary indexesnononoyesall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLnononoStandard with numerous extensionsKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
HTTP API
Sockets
ADO.NET
gokb
JDBC
kdbndp
ODBC
PDI
PDO
Pro*C
psycopg2
QT
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesGoC#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnononouser defined functionsYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
Triggersnononoyesyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingnonehorizontal partitioning (by range, list and hash) and vertical partitioningSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesnoneyesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyesnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnoneImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)noneImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datayesAtomic single-row operationsnoACIDno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infolockingyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonono
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)nofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAzure Active Directory Authentication

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More resources
BoltDBGoogle Cloud BigtableGraphiteKingbaseMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
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