DBMS > BoltDB vs. etcd vs. Google BigQuery vs. Immudb vs. RocksDB

System Properties Comparison BoltDB vs. etcd vs. Google BigQuery vs. Immudb vs. RocksDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Large scale data warehouse service with append-only tables

An open source immutable (append-only) database with cryptographic verification which makes it tamper-resistant and fully auditable.

Embeddable persistent key-value store optimized for fast storage (flash and RAM)

Primary database model

Key-value store

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.74
Rank	#220	Overall
	#31	Key-value stores

Score	7.25
Rank	#54	Overall
	#5	Key-value stores

Score	60.38
Rank	#19	Overall
	#13	Relational DBMS

Score	0.24
Rank	#305	Overall
	#43	Key-value stores

Score	3.65
Rank	#85	Overall
	#11	Key-value stores

Website

github.com/boltdb/bolt

etcd.io
github.com/etcd-io/etcd

cloud.google.com/bigquery

github.com/codenotary/immudb
immudb.io

rocksdb.org

Technical documentation

etcd.io/docs
github.com/etcd-io/etcd/tree/master/Documentation

cloud.google.com/bigquery/docs

docs.immudb.io

github.com/facebook/rocksdb/wiki

Developer

Google

Codenotary

Facebook, Inc.

Initial release

2013

2010

2020

2013

Current release

3.4, August 2019

1.2.3, April 2022

8.11.4, April 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

MIT License

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

BSD

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

C++

Server operating systems

BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

FreeBSD
Linux
Windows

experimental

hosted

BSD
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
z/OS

Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like syntax

APIs and other access methods

gRPC
JSON over HTTP

RESTful HTTP/JSON API

gRPC protocol
PostgreSQL wire protocol

C++ API
Java API

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Erlang
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Tcl

.Net
Java
JavaScript
Objective-C
PHP
Python
Ruby

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

C
C++
Go
Java
Perl
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

in JavaScript

Triggers

yes, watching key changes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

horizontal partitioning

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

Using Raft consensus algorithm to ensure data replication with strong consistency among multiple replicas.

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

none

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

yes

Since BigQuery is designed for querying data

ACID

yes

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Access privileges (owner, writer, reader) on dataset, table or view level

Google Cloud Identity & Access Management (IAM)

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