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DBMS > BoltDB vs. Datomic vs. Hazelcast vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. ToroDB

System Properties Comparison BoltDB vs. Datomic vs. Hazelcast vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. ToroDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameBoltDB  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonHazelcast  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonToroDB  Xexclude from comparison
ToroDB seems to be discontinued. Therefore it is excluded from the DB-Engines Ranking.
DescriptionAn embedded key-value store for Go.Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityA widely adopted in-memory data gridFully managed big data interactive analytics platformA MongoDB-compatible JSON document store, built on top of PostgreSQL
Primary database modelKey-value storeRelational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedDocument store
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoJSON support with IMDG 3.12Document store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.80
Rank#215  Overall
#31  Key-value stores
Score1.66
Rank#144  Overall
#66  Relational DBMS
Score5.46
Rank#61  Overall
#7  Key-value stores
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­boltdb/­boltwww.datomic.comhazelcast.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorergithub.com/­torodb/­server
Technical documentationdocs.datomic.comhazelcast.org/­imdg/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperCognitectHazelcastMicrosoft8Kdata
Initial release20132012200820192016
Current release1.0.7075, December 20235.3.6, November 2023cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT Licensecommercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoApache Version 2; commercial licenses availablecommercialOpen Source infoAGPL-V3
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoJava, ClojureJavaJava
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java VMAll OS with a Java VMhostedAll OS with a Java 7 VM
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes infostring, integer, double, boolean, date, object_id
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyes infothe object must implement a serialization strategyyesno
Secondary indexesnoyesyesall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoSQL-like query languageKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIJCache
JPA
Memcached protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesGoClojure
Java
.Net
C#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoTransaction Functionsyes infoEvent Listeners, Executor ServicesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
TriggersnoBy using transaction functionsyes infoEventsyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnonenone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersyes infoReplicated Mapyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnoneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency selectable by user infoRaft Consensus AlgorithmEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonononono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datayesACIDone or two-phase-commit; repeatable reads; read commitednono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes inforecommended only for testing and developmentyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlnonoRole-based access controlAzure Active Directory AuthenticationAccess rights for users and roles

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More resources
BoltDBDatomicHazelcastMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerToroDB
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