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DBMS > BoltDB vs. CockroachDB vs. FoundationDB vs. LevelDB vs. RDF4J

System Properties Comparison BoltDB vs. CockroachDB vs. FoundationDB vs. LevelDB vs. RDF4J

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameBoltDB  Xexclude from comparisonCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionAn embedded key-value store for Go.CockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.Ordered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesRDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.
Primary database modelKey-value storeRelational DBMSDocument store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Key-value storeRDF store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.80
Rank#215  Overall
#31  Key-value stores
Score5.73
Rank#58  Overall
#34  Relational DBMS
Score1.06
Rank#185  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#85  Relational DBMS
Score2.25
Rank#115  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score0.74
Rank#222  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Websitegithub.com/­boltdb/­boltwww.cockroachlabs.comgithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbgithub.com/­google/­leveldbrdf4j.org
Technical documentationwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docsapple.github.io/­foundationdbgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mdrdf4j.org/­documentation
DeveloperCockroach LabsFoundationDBGoogleSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.
Initial release20132015201320112004
Current release24.1.0, May 20246.2.28, November 20201.23, February 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoBSDOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoGoC++C++Java
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Data schemeschema-freedynamic schemaschema-free infosome layers support schemasschema-freeyes infoRDF Schemas
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesno infosome layers support typingnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesnoyesnonoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLsupported in specific SQL layer onlynono
APIs and other access methodsJDBCJava API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
Supported programming languagesGoC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
C++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
Java
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoin SQL-layer onlynoyes
Triggersnonononoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTShardingnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneMulti-source replication using RAFTyesnonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnoneImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesin SQL-layer onlyno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datayesACIDACIDnoACID infoIsolation support depends on the API used
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as well
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlnoRole-based access controlnonono

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More resources
BoltDBCockroachDBFoundationDBLevelDBRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame
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