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DBMS > BoltDB vs. CockroachDB vs. Elasticsearch vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OpenQM

System Properties Comparison BoltDB vs. CockroachDB vs. Elasticsearch vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OpenQM

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameBoltDB  Xexclude from comparisonCockroachDB  Xexclude from comparisonElasticsearch  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonOpenQM infoalso called QM  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embedded key-value store for Go.CockroachDB is a distributed database architected for modern cloud applications. It is wire compatible with PostgreSQL and backed by a Key-Value Store, which is either RocksDB or a purpose-built derivative, called Pebble.A distributed, RESTful modern search and analytics engine based on Apache Lucene infoElasticsearch lets you perform and combine many types of searches such as structured, unstructured, geo, and metricFully managed big data interactive analytics platformQpenQM is a high-performance, self-tuning, multi-value DBMS
Primary database modelKey-value storeRelational DBMSSearch engineRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedMultivalue DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
Spatial DBMS
Vector DBMS
Document store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.74
Rank#220  Overall
#31  Key-value stores
Score6.15
Rank#55  Overall
#33  Relational DBMS
Score135.35
Rank#7  Overall
#1  Search engines
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score0.27
Rank#298  Overall
#10  Multivalue DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­boltdb/­boltwww.cockroachlabs.comwww.elastic.co/­elasticsearchazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.rocketsoftware.com/­products/­rocket-multivalue-application-development-platform/­rocket-open-qm
Technical documentationwww.cockroachlabs.com/­docswww.elastic.co/­guide/­en/­elasticsearch/­reference/­current/­index.htmldocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperCockroach LabsElasticMicrosoftRocket Software, originally Martin Phillips
Initial release20132015201020191993
Current release23.1.1, May 20238.6, January 2023cloud service with continuous releases3.4-12
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoApache 2.0, commercial license availableOpen Source infoElastic LicensecommercialOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoGoJava
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
All OS with a Java VMhostedAIX
FreeBSD
Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freedynamic schemaschema-free infoFlexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistentFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes infowith some exceptions
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyesyes
Secondary indexesnoyesyes infoAll search fields are automatically indexedall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes, wire compatible with PostgreSQLSQL-like query languageKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetno
APIs and other access methodsJDBCJava API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesGoC#
C++
Clojure
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Rust
.Net
Groovy
Community Contributed Clients
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
Basic
C
Java
Objective C
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnonoyesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Ryes
Triggersnonoyes infoby using the 'percolation' featureyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonehorizontal partitioning (by key range) infoall tables are translated to an ordered KV store and then broken down into 64MB ranges, which are then used as replicas in RAFTShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneMulti-source replication using RAFTyesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.yes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoES-Hadoop ConnectorSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnoneImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency infoSynchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, allEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datayesACIDnonoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoMemcached and Redis integrationno
User concepts infoAccess controlnoRole-based access controlAzure Active Directory AuthenticationAccess rights can be defined down to the item level

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More resources
BoltDBCockroachDBElasticsearchMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerOpenQM infoalso called QM
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