DBMS > BoltDB vs. Citus vs. Lovefield vs. RocksDB vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison BoltDB vs. Citus vs. Lovefield vs. RocksDB vs. Spark SQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

An embedded key-value store for Go.

Scalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQL

Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScript

Embeddable persistent key-value store optimized for fast storage (flash and RAM)

Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.74
Rank	#220	Overall
	#31	Key-value stores

Score	2.21
Rank	#118	Overall
	#56	Relational DBMS

Score	0.29
Rank	#293	Overall
	#133	Relational DBMS

Score	3.65
Rank	#85	Overall
	#11	Key-value stores

Score	18.96
Rank	#33	Overall
	#20	Relational DBMS

Website

github.com/boltdb/bolt

www.citusdata.com

google.github.io/lovefield

rocksdb.org

spark.apache.org/sql

Technical documentation

docs.citusdata.com

github.com/google/lovefield/blob/master/docs/spec_index.md

github.com/facebook/rocksdb/wiki

spark.apache.org/docs/latest/sql-programming-guide.html

Developer

Google

Facebook, Inc.

Apache Software Foundation

Initial release

2013

2010

2014

2013

2014

Current release

8.1, December 2018

2.1.12, February 2017

8.11.4, April 2024

3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

MIT License

Open Source

AGPL, commercial license also available

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

JavaScript

C++

Scala

Server operating systems

BSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Linux

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

tested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari

Linux

Linux
OS X
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML type available, but no XML query functionality

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

standard, with numerous extensions

SQL-like query language

via JavaScript builder pattern

SQL-like DML and DDL statements

APIs and other access methods

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

C++ API
Java API

JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

JavaScript

C
C++
Go
Java
Perl
Python
Ruby

Java
Python
R
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

Triggers

yes

Using read-only observers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

none

horizontal partitioning

yes, utilizing Spark Core

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

none

yes

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

none

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

yes

ACID

yes

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

yes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Database

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

using MemoryDB

yes

User concepts

Access control

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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