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DBMS > BoltDB vs. Citus vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Vertica

System Properties Comparison BoltDB vs. Citus vs. Google Cloud Bigtable vs. Vertica

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameBoltDB  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Bigtable  Xexclude from comparisonVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embedded key-value store for Go.Scalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLGoogle's NoSQL Big Data database service. It's the same database that powers many core Google services, including Search, Analytics, Maps, and Gmail.Cloud or off-cloud analytical database and query engine for structured and semi-structured streaming and batch data. Machine learning platform with built-in algorithms, data preparation capabilities, and model evaluation and management via SQL or Python.
Primary database modelKey-value storeRelational DBMSKey-value store
Wide column store
Relational DBMS infoColumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument storeSpatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.80
Rank#215  Overall
#31  Key-value stores
Score2.15
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score3.15
Rank#95  Overall
#14  Key-value stores
#8  Wide column stores
Score10.06
Rank#42  Overall
#26  Relational DBMS
Websitegithub.com/­boltdb/­boltwww.citusdata.comcloud.google.com/­bigtablewww.vertica.com
Technical documentationdocs.citusdata.comcloud.google.com/­bigtable/­docsvertica.com/­documentation
DeveloperGoogleOpenText infopreviously Micro Focus and Hewlett Packard
Initial release2013201020152005
Current release8.1, December 201812.0.3, January 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoMIT LicenseOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercialcommercial infoLimited community edition free
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno infoon-premises, all major clouds - Amazon AWS, Microsoft Azure, Google Cloud Platform and containers
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoCC++
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
LinuxhostedLinux
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeYes, but also semi-structure/unstructured data storage, and complex hierarchical data (like Parquet) stored and/or queried.
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynono
Secondary indexesnoyesnoNo Indexes Required. Different internal optimization strategy, but same functionality included.
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsnoFull 1999 standard plus machine learning, time series and geospatial. Over 650 functions.
APIs and other access methodsADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HappyBase (Python library)
HBase compatible API (Java)
ADO.NET
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
Spark Connector
vSQL infocharacter-based, interactive, front-end utility
Supported programming languagesGo.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnouser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.noyes, PostgreSQL PL/pgSQL, with minor differences
Triggersnoyesnoyes, called Custom Alerts
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardinghorizontal partitioning, hierarchical partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsInternal replication in Colossus, and regional replication between two clusters in different zonesMulti-source replication infoOne, or more copies of data replicated across nodes, or object-store used for repository.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesno infoBi-directional Spark integration
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnoneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate consistency (for a single cluster), Eventual consistency (for two or more replicated clusters)Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datayesACIDAtomic single-row operationsACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nononono
User concepts infoAccess controlnofine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard; supports Kerberos, LDAP, Ident and hash
More information provided by the system vendor
BoltDBCitusGoogle Cloud BigtableVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
Specific characteristicsDeploy-anywhere database for large-scale analytical deployments. Deploy off-cloud,...
» more
Competitive advantagesFast, scalable, and capable of high concurrency. Separation of compute/storage leverages...
» more
Typical application scenariosCommunication and network analytics, Embedded analytics, Fraud monitoring and Risk...
» more
Key customersAbiba Systems, Adform, adMarketplace, AmeriPride, Anritsu, AOL, Avito, Auckland Transport,...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsCost-based models and subscription-based models are both available. One license is...
» more

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More resources
BoltDBCitusGoogle Cloud BigtableVertica infoOpenText™ Vertica™
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