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DBMS > Blazegraph vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. RDF4J vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison Blazegraph vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. RDF4J vs. Spark SQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameBlazegraph  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparison
Amazon has acquired Blazegraph's domain and (probably) product. It is said that Amazon Neptune is based on Blazegraph.
DescriptionHigh-performance graph database supporting Semantic Web (RDF/SPARQL) and Graph Database (tinkerpop3, blueprints, vertex-centric) APIs with scale-out and High Availability.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSRDF storeRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.81
Rank#213  Overall
#19  Graph DBMS
#8  RDF stores
Score2.84
Rank#100  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score0.74
Rank#222  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Score18.04
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websiteblazegraph.comcloud.google.com/­spannerrdf4j.orgspark.apache.org/­sql
Technical documentationwiki.blazegraph.comcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsrdf4j.org/­documentationspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperBlazegraphGoogleSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.Apache Software Foundation
Initial release2006201720042014
Current release2.1.5, March 20193.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoextended commercial license availablecommercialOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.Open Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaScala
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesyes infoRDF Schemasyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infoRDF literal typesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLSPARQL is used as query languageyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011noSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL QUERY
SPARQL UPDATE
TinkerPop 3
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Java
PHP
Python
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoyesno
Triggersnonoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnoneyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.nonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in Graphsyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationACID infoIsolation support depends on the API usedno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as wellyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nono
User concepts infoAccess controlSecurity and Authentication via Web Application Container (Tomcat, Jetty)Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)nono

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More resources
BlazegraphGoogle Cloud SpannerRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameSpark SQL
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