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DBMS > Blazegraph vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. HyperSQL vs. LokiJS

System Properties Comparison Blazegraph vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. HyperSQL vs. LokiJS

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameBlazegraph  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDB  Xexclude from comparisonLokiJS  Xexclude from comparison
Amazon has acquired Blazegraph's domain and (probably) product. It is said that Amazon Neptune is based on Blazegraph.
DescriptionHigh-performance graph database supporting Semantic Web (RDF/SPARQL) and Graph Database (tinkerpop3, blueprints, vertex-centric) APIs with scale-out and High Availability.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Multithreaded, transactional RDBMS written in Java infoalso known as HSQLDBIn-memory JavaScript DBMS
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.75
Rank#219  Overall
#19  Graph DBMS
#8  RDF stores
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score3.49
Rank#87  Overall
#47  Relational DBMS
Score0.43
Rank#264  Overall
#42  Document stores
Websiteblazegraph.comcloud.google.com/­spannerhsqldb.orggithub.com/­techfort/­LokiJS
Technical documentationwiki.blazegraph.comcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docshsqldb.org/­web/­hsqlDocsFrame.htmltechfort.github.io/­LokiJS
DeveloperBlazegraphGoogle
Initial release2006201720012014
Current release2.1.5, March 20192.7.2, June 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoextended commercial license availablecommercialOpen Source infobased on BSD licenseOpen Source
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJavaJavaScript
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedAll OS with a Java VM infoEmbedded (into Java applications) and Client-Server operating modesserver-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infoRDF literal typesyesyesno
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes infovia views
SQL infoSupport of SQLSPARQL is used as query languageyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yesno
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL QUERY
SPARQL UPDATE
TinkerPop 3
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP API infoJDBC via HTTP
JDBC
ODBC
JavaScript API
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC
Java
JavaScript
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesnoJava, SQLView functions in JavaScript
Triggersnonoyesyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.nonenone
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistencynone
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in Graphsyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyesno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDno infoatomic operations within a single collection possible
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes infoSerialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlSecurity and Authentication via Web Application Container (Tomcat, Jetty)Access rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardno

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More resources
BlazegraphGoogle Cloud SpannerHyperSQL infoalso known as HSQLDBLokiJS
DB-Engines blog posts

New kids on the block: database management systems implemented in JavaScript
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