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DBMS > Blazegraph vs. Citus vs. eXtremeDB vs. GraphDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

System Properties Comparison Blazegraph vs. Citus vs. eXtremeDB vs. GraphDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameBlazegraph  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisoneXtremeDB  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparison
Amazon has acquired Blazegraph's domain and (probably) product. It is said that Amazon Neptune is based on Blazegraph.
DescriptionHigh-performance graph database supporting Semantic Web (RDF/SPARQL) and Graph Database (tinkerpop3, blueprints, vertex-centric) APIs with scale-out and High Availability.Scalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLNatively in-memory DBMS with options for persistency, high-availability and clusteringEnterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Graph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.81
Rank#213  Overall
#19  Graph DBMS
#8  RDF stores
Score2.15
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score0.80
Rank#214  Overall
#99  Relational DBMS
#18  Time Series DBMS
Score3.25
Rank#91  Overall
#7  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score19.93
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Websiteblazegraph.comwww.citusdata.comwww.mcobject.comwww.ontotext.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analytics
Technical documentationwiki.blazegraph.comdocs.citusdata.comwww.mcobject.com/­docs/­extremedb.htmgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analytics
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperBlazegraphMcObjectOntotextMicrosoft
Initial release20062010200120002016
Current release2.1.5, March 20198.1, December 20188.2, 202110.4, October 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoextended commercial license availableOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercialcommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaCC and C++JavaC++
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
LinuxAIX
HP-UX
Linux
macOS
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
hosted
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infoRDF literal typesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalityno infosupport of XML interfaces availablenono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSPARQL is used as query languageyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsyes infowith the option: eXtremeSQLstored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCyes
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL QUERY
SPARQL UPDATE
TinkerPop 3
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
.NET Client API
JDBC
JNI
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
Lua
Python
Scala
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
Java
PHP
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yeswell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityTransact SQL
Triggersnoyesyes infoby defining eventsnono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardinghorizontal partitioning / shardingnoneSharding, horizontal partitioning
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsActive Replication Fabric™ for IoT
Multi-source replication infoby means of eXtremeDB Cluster option
Source-replica replication infoby means of eXtremeDB High Availability option
Multi-source replicationyes
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in Graphsyesyesyes infoConstraint checkingno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoOptimistic (MVCC) and pessimistic (locking) strategies availableyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlSecurity and Authentication via Web Application Container (Tomcat, Jetty)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.yes
More information provided by the system vendor
BlazegraphCituseXtremeDBGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse
Specific characteristicseXtremeDB is an in-memory and/or persistent database system that offers an ultra-small...
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Ontotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
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Competitive advantageseXtremeDB databases can be modeled relationally or as objects and can utilize SQL...
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GraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
Typical application scenariosIoT application across all markets: Industrial Control, Netcom, Telecom, Defense,...
» more
Metadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Key customersSchneider Electronics, F5 Networks, TNS, Boeing, Northrop Grumman, GoPro, ViaSat,...
» more
​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
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Market metricsWith hundreds of customers and over 30 million devices/applications using the product...
» more
GraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsFor server use cases, there is a simple per-server license irrespective of the number...
» more
GraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
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