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DBMS > Blazegraph vs. Citus vs. GraphDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Trino

System Properties Comparison Blazegraph vs. Citus vs. GraphDB vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. Trino

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameBlazegraph  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonTrino  Xexclude from comparison
Amazon has acquired Blazegraph's domain and (probably) product. It is said that Amazon Neptune is based on Blazegraph.
DescriptionHigh-performance graph database supporting Semantic Web (RDF/SPARQL) and Graph Database (tinkerpop3, blueprints, vertex-centric) APIs with scale-out and High Availability.Scalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLEnterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerFast distributed SQL query engine for big data analytics. Forked from Presto and originally named PrestoSQL
Primary database modelGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Relational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Key-value store
Spatial DBMS
Search engine
Time Series DBMS
Wide column store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.81
Rank#213  Overall
#19  Graph DBMS
#8  RDF stores
Score2.15
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score3.25
Rank#91  Overall
#7  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score19.93
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score4.99
Rank#65  Overall
#36  Relational DBMS
Websiteblazegraph.comwww.citusdata.comwww.ontotext.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticstrino.io
Technical documentationwiki.blazegraph.comdocs.citusdata.comgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticstrino.io/­broadcast
trino.io/­docs/­current
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMediumLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHub
DeveloperBlazegraphOntotextMicrosoftTrino Software Foundation
Initial release20062010200020162012 info2020 rebranded from PrestoSQL
Current release2.1.5, March 20198.1, December 201810.4, October 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoextended commercial license availableOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedcommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Starburst Galaxy offers a feature-rich user interface to connect all your data sources, manage your Trino clusters, and query your data.
Implementation languageJavaCJavaC++Java
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
LinuxAll OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
macOS infofor devlopment
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infoRDF literal typesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyesdepending on connected data-source
SQL infoSupport of SQLSPARQL is used as query languageyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsstored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCyesyes
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP API
SPARQL QUERY
SPARQL UPDATE
TinkerPop 3
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
JDBC
RESTful HTTP API
Trino CLI
Supported programming languages.Net
C
C++
Java
JavaScript
PHP
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
C#
Java
PHP
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
R
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.well-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityTransact SQLyes, depending on connected data-source
Triggersnoyesnonono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnoneSharding, horizontal partitioningdepending on connected data-source
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyesSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replicationyesdepending on connected data-source
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)Immediate Consistencydepending on connected data-source
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes infoRelationships in Graphsyesyes infoConstraint checkingno infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDdepending on connected data-source
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesdepending on connected data-source
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.no
User concepts infoAccess controlSecurity and Authentication via Web Application Container (Tomcat, Jetty)fine grained access rights according to SQL-standardDefault Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.yesSQL standard access control
More information provided by the system vendor
BlazegraphCitusGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseTrino
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
Trino is the fastest open source, massively parallel processing SQL query engine...
» more
Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
High performance analtyics and data processing of very large data sets Powerful ANSI...
» more
Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Performant analytics query engine for data warehouses, data lakes, and data lakehouses...
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Trino is widely adopted across the globe as freely-available open source software....
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
33000+ commits in GitHub 8200+ stargazers in GitHub 1200+ pull requests merged in...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
Trino is an open source project and usage is therefore free. Commercial offerings...
» more
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