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DBMS > BigchainDB vs. Kinetica vs. LMDB vs. RRDtool vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison BigchainDB vs. Kinetica vs. LMDB vs. RRDtool vs. Virtuoso

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameBigchainDB  Xexclude from comparisonKinetica  Xexclude from comparisonLMDB  Xexclude from comparisonRRDtool  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionBigchainDB is scalable blockchain database offering decentralization, immutability and native assetsFully vectorized database across both GPUs and CPUsA high performant, light-weight, embedded key-value database libraryIndustry standard data logging and graphing tool for time series data. RRD is an acronym for round-robin database. infoThe data is stored in a circular buffer, thus the system storage footprint remains constant over time.Virtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs
Primary database modelDocument storeRelational DBMSKey-value storeTime Series DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.79
Rank#212  Overall
#36  Document stores
Score0.64
Rank#236  Overall
#109  Relational DBMS
Score1.99
Rank#125  Overall
#21  Key-value stores
Score1.87
Rank#136  Overall
#11  Time Series DBMS
Score4.26
Rank#78  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#42  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Websitewww.bigchaindb.comwww.kinetica.comwww.symas.com/­symas-embedded-database-lmdboss.oetiker.ch/­rrdtoolvirtuoso.openlinksw.com
Technical documentationbigchaindb.readthedocs.io/­en/­latestdocs.kinetica.comwww.lmdb.tech/­docoss.oetiker.ch/­rrdtool/­docdocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuoso
DeveloperKineticaSymasTobias OetikerOpenLink Software
Initial release20162012201119991998
Current release7.1, August 20210.9.32, January 20241.8.0, 20227.2.11, September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoAGPL v3commercialOpen SourceOpen Source infoGPL V2 and FLOSSOpen Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languagePythonC, C++CC infoImplementations in Java (e.g. RRD4J) and C# availableC
Server operating systemsLinuxLinuxLinux
Unix
Windows
HP-UX
Linux
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesNumeric data onlyyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono infoExporting into and restoring from XML files possibleyes
Secondary indexesyesnonoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoSQL-like DML and DDL statementsnonoyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX
APIs and other access methodsCLI Client
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
in-process shared library
Pipes
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Supported programming languagesGo
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C
C++
Clojure
Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Nim
Objective C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
R
Ruby
Rust
Swift
Tcl
C infowith librrd library
C# infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
Java infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
JavaScript (Node.js) infowith a different implementation of RRDTool
Lua
Perl
PHP infowith a wrapper library
Python
Ruby
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsnonoyes infoVirtuoso PL
Triggersyes infotriggers when inserted values for one or more columns fall within a specified rangenonoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnonenoneyes
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesselectable replication factorSource-replica replicationnonenoneChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate ConsistencynoneImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes infoby using the rrdcached daemonyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyes,with MongoDB ord RethinkDByesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yes infoGPU vRAM or System RAMyesyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlyesAccess rights for users and roles on table levelnonoFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)
More information provided by the system vendor
BigchainDBKineticaLMDBRRDtoolVirtuoso
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
BigchainDBKineticaLMDBRRDtoolVirtuoso
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