DBMS > BigchainDB vs. Citus vs. LevelDB vs. OpenSearch vs. OrientDB

System Properties Comparison BigchainDB vs. Citus vs. LevelDB vs. OpenSearch vs. OrientDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

BigchainDB is scalable blockchain database offering decentralization, immutability and native assets

Scalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQL

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

A distributed, RESTful search and analytics engine forked from Elasticsearch and based on Apache Lucene

Multi-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)

Primary database model

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store

Secondary database models

Document store

Vector DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.85
Rank	#208	Overall
	#35	Document stores

Score	2.15
Rank	#117	Overall
	#56	Relational DBMS

Score	2.25
Rank	#115	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	16.03
Rank	#37	Overall
	#4	Search engines

Score	3.25
Rank	#89	Overall
	#16	Document stores
	#6	Graph DBMS
	#13	Key-value stores

Website

www.bigchaindb.com

www.citusdata.com

github.com/google/leveldb

github.com/opensearch-project
opensearch.org

orientdb.org

Technical documentation

bigchaindb.readthedocs.io/en/latest

docs.citusdata.com

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

opensearch.org/docs/latest

www.orientdb.com/docs/last/index.html

Developer

Google

Amazon Web Services

OrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP

Initial release

2016

2010

2011

2021

2010

Current release

8.1, December 2018

1.23, February 2021

2.5.0, January 2023

3.2.29, March 2024

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

AGPL v3

Open Source

AGPL, commercial license also available

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Open Source

Apache version 2

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

STACKIT OpenSearch offers OpenSearch in a managed version in enterprise grade, 100% GDPR-compliant, for a wide range of applications like analytics, website search, offering scalability and fast data access.
Aiven for OpenSearch: Fully managed open source search and analytics suite. Out-of-the-box integrations get you up and running in a couple of clicks.

Implementation language

Python

C++

Java

Server operating systems

Linux

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Flexible type definitions. Once a type is defined, it is persistent

schema-free

Schema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML type available, but no XML query functionality

Secondary indexes

yes

All search fields are automatically indexed

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

standard, with numerous extensions

SQL-like query language

SQL-like query language, no joins

APIs and other access methods

CLI Client
RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API

Supported programming languages

Go
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

Elasticsearch client

.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

yes

Java, Javascript

Triggers

yes

by using the 'percolation' feature

Hooks

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

none

yes

Multi-source replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

could be achieved with distributed queries

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency

Synchronous doc based replication. Get by ID may show delays up to 1 sec. Configurable write consistency: one, quorum, all

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationship in graphs

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes,with MongoDB ord RethinkDB

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

yes

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Access rights for users and roles; record level security configurable

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

OpenSearch is a highly scalable and extensible open-source software suite for search,...
» more

Competitive advantages

Distributed as fully open source under Apache License, Version 2.0 (ALv2), OpenSearch...
» more

Typical application scenarios

The OpenSearch platform is used across a broad range of search , analytics, and observability...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

The OpenSearch Project offers open source software licensed under Apache License...
» more

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