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DBMS > BaseX vs. Neo4j vs. RavenDB vs. Spark SQL vs. Stardog

System Properties Comparison BaseX vs. Neo4j vs. RavenDB vs. Spark SQL vs. Stardog

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameBaseX  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonRavenDB  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonStardog  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionLight-weight Native XML DBMS with support for XQuery 3.0 and interactive GUI.Scalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsOpen Source Operational and Transactional Enterprise NoSQL Document DatabaseSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingEnterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization
Primary database modelNative XML DBMSGraph DBMSDocument storeRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Secondary database modelsGraph DBMS
Spatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.73
Rank#142  Overall
#4  Native XML DBMS
Score44.46
Rank#23  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score2.92
Rank#101  Overall
#18  Document stores
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Score2.02
Rank#123  Overall
#11  Graph DBMS
#6  RDF stores
Websitebasex.orgneo4j.comravendb.netspark.apache.org/­sqlwww.stardog.com
Technical documentationdocs.basex.orgneo4j.com/­docsravendb.net/­docsspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmldocs.stardog.com
DeveloperBaseX GmbHNeo4j, Inc.Hibernating RhinosApache Software FoundationStardog-Union
Initial release20072007201020142010
Current release10.7, August 20235.19, April 20245.4, July 20223.5.0 ( 2.13), September 20237.3.0, May 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSD licenseOpen Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoAGPL version 3, commercial license availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial info60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Neo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageJavaJava, ScalaC#ScalaJava
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
Linux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
macOS
Raspberry Pi
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
Linux
macOS
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free and schema-optionalschema-freeyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infoXQuery supports typesyesnoyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono infoImport/export of XML data possible
Secondary indexesyesyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyesnoyes infosupports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoSQL-like query language (RQL)SQL-like DML and DDL statementsYes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP API
RESTXQ
WebDAV
XML:DB
XQJ
Bolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
.NET Client API
F# Client API
Go Client API
Java Client API
NodeJS Client API
PHP Client API
Python Client API
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3
Supported programming languagesActionscript
C
C#
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lisp
Perl
PHP
Python
Qt
Rebol
Ruby
Scala
Visual Basic
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C#
F#
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Java
Python
R
Scala
.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsyesnouser defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java
Triggersyes infovia eventsyes infovia event handleryesnoyes infovia event handlers
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneyes using Neo4j FabricShardingyes, utilizing Spark Corenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlyMulti-source replicationnoneMulti-source replication in HA-Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemCausal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Default ACID transactions on the local node (eventually consistent across the cluster). Atomic operations with cluster-wide ACID transactions. Eventual consistency for indexes and full-text search indexes.Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoRelationships in graphsnonoyes inforelationships in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datamultiple readers, single writerACIDACID, Cluster-wide transaction availablenoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers with fine-grained authorization concept on 4 levelsUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)Authorization levels configured per client per databasenoAccess rights for users and roles
More information provided by the system vendor
BaseXNeo4jRavenDBSpark SQLStardog
Specific characteristicsNeo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesNeo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosReal-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersOver 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsNeo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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