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DBMS > BaseX vs. LeanXcale vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. QuestDB vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison BaseX vs. LeanXcale vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. QuestDB vs. TimesTen

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameBaseX  Xexclude from comparisonLeanXcale  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonQuestDB  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionLight-weight Native XML DBMS with support for XQuery 3.0 and interactive GUI.A highly scalable full ACID SQL database with fast NoSQL data ingestion and GIS capabilitiesFully managed big data interactive analytics platformA high performance open source SQL database for time series dataIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelNative XML DBMSKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMS infocolumn orientedTime Series DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
Relational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.84
Rank#135  Overall
#4  Native XML DBMS
Score0.36
Rank#280  Overall
#40  Key-value stores
#129  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score2.70
Rank#105  Overall
#8  Time Series DBMS
Score1.36
Rank#161  Overall
#75  Relational DBMS
Websitebasex.orgwww.leanxcale.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerquestdb.iowww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationdocs.basex.orgdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerquestdb.io/­docsdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
DeveloperBaseX GmbHLeanXcaleMicrosoftQuestDB Technology IncOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release20072015201920141998
Current release11.0, June 2024cloud service with continuous releases11 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSD licensecommercialcommercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaJava (Zero-GC), C++, Rust
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
macOS
Windows
AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes infoschema-free via InfluxDB Line Protocolyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infoXQuery supports typesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesnono
Secondary indexesyesall fields are automatically indexednoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infothrough Apache DerbyKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL with time-series extensionsyes
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP API
RESTXQ
WebDAV
XML:DB
XQJ
JDBC
Kafka Connector
ODBC
proprietary key/value interface
Spark Connector
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
HTTP REST
InfluxDB Line Protocol (TCP/UDP)
JDBC
PostgreSQL wire protocol
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languagesActionscript
C
C#
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lisp
Perl
PHP
Python
Qt
Rebol
Ruby
Scala
Visual Basic
C
Java
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C infoPostgreSQL driver
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Rust infoover HTTP
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RnoPL/SQL
Triggersyes infovia eventsyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicehorizontal partitioning (by timestamps)none
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Source-replica replication with eventual consistencyMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datamultiple readers, single writerACIDnoACID for single-table writesACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes infothrough memory mapped filesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers with fine-grained authorization concept on 4 levelsAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard
More information provided by the system vendor
BaseXLeanXcaleMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerQuestDBTimesTen
Specific characteristicsRelational model with native time series support Column-based storage and time partitioned...
» more
Competitive advantagesHigh ingestion throughput: peak of 4M rows/sec (TSBS Benchmark) Code optimizations...
» more
Typical application scenariosFinancial tick data Industrial IoT Application Metrics Monitoring
» more
Key customersBanks & Hedge funds, Yahoo, OKX, Airbus, Aquis Exchange, Net App, Cloudera, Airtel,...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsOpen source Apache 2.0 QuestDB Enterprise QuestDB Cloud
» more
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