DBMS > BaseX vs. Ingres vs. LevelDB vs. Lovefield vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison BaseX vs. Ingres vs. LevelDB vs. Lovefield vs. XTDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Light-weight Native XML DBMS with support for XQuery 3.0 and interactive GUI.

Well established RDBMS

Embeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string values

Embeddable relational database for web apps written in pure JavaScript

A general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries

Primary database model

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.73
Rank	#142	Overall
	#4	Native XML DBMS

Score	4.11
Rank	#81	Overall
	#44	Relational DBMS

Score	2.35
Rank	#111	Overall
	#19	Key-value stores

Score	0.29
Rank	#293	Overall
	#133	Relational DBMS

Score	0.11
Rank	#343	Overall
	#46	Document stores

Website

basex.org

www.actian.com/databases/ingres

github.com/google/leveldb

google.github.io/lovefield

github.com/xtdb/xtdb
www.xtdb.com

Technical documentation

docs.basex.org

docs.actian.com/ingres

github.com/google/leveldb/blob/main/doc/index.md

github.com/google/lovefield/blob/master/docs/spec_index.md

www.xtdb.com/docs

Developer

BaseX GmbH

Actian Corporation

Google

Juxt Ltd.

Initial release

2007

1974

originally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s

2011

2014

2019

Current release

10.7, August 2023

11.2, May 2022

1.23, February 2021

2.1.12, February 2017

1.19, September 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

BSD license

commercial

Open Source

BSD

Open Source

Apache 2.0

Open Source

MIT License

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

JavaScript

Clojure

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

AIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows

Illumos
Linux
OS X
Windows

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

tested with Chrome, Firefox, IE, Safari

All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

schema-free

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

XQuery supports types

yes

yes, extensible-data-notation format

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

but tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files available

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

SQL-like query language

via JavaScript builder pattern

limited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite

APIs and other access methods

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
RESTXQ
WebDAV
XML:DB
XQJ

.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)

HTTP REST
JDBC

Supported programming languages

Actionscript
C
C#
Haskell
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Lisp
Perl
PHP
Python
Qt
Rebol
Ruby
Scala
Visual Basic

C++
Go
Java

3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Python

3rd party binding

JavaScript

Clojure
Java

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Triggers

yes

via events

yes

Using read-only observers

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

horizontal partitioning

Ingres Star to access multiple databases simultaneously

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

Ingres Replicator

none

yes, each node contains all data

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

multiple readers, single writer

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

with automatic compression on writes

yes, by using IndexedDB or the cloud service Firebase Realtime Database

yes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

using MemoryDB

User concepts

Access control

Users with fine-grained authorization concept on 4 levels

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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