DBMS > BaseX vs. GridGain vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. TimesTen vs. Tkrzw

System Properties Comparison BaseX vs. GridGain vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. TimesTen vs. Tkrzw

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Light-weight Native XML DBMS with support for XQuery 3.0 and interactive GUI.

GridGain is an in-memory computing platform, built on Apache Ignite

Fully managed big data interactive analytics platform

In-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle

A concept of libraries, allowing an application program to store and query key-value pairs in a file. Successor of Tokyo Cabinet and Kyoto Cabinet

Primary database model

Native XML DBMS

Key-value store
Relational DBMS

Relational DBMS

column oriented

Relational DBMS

Key-value store

Secondary database models

Document store

If a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types/dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store

this is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine

support for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/time-series-analysis

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.73
Rank	#142	Overall
	#4	Native XML DBMS

Score	1.47
Rank	#154	Overall
	#26	Key-value stores
	#72	Relational DBMS

Score	4.38
Rank	#77	Overall
	#41	Relational DBMS

Score	1.31
Rank	#163	Overall
	#74	Relational DBMS

Score	0.00
Rank	#383	Overall
	#60	Key-value stores

Website

basex.org

www.gridgain.com

azure.microsoft.com/services/data-explorer

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/timesten.html

dbmx.net/tkrzw

Technical documentation

docs.basex.org

www.gridgain.com/docs/index.html

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer

docs.oracle.com/database/timesten-18.1

Developer

BaseX GmbH

GridGain Systems, Inc.

Microsoft

Oracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP

originally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005

Mikio Hirabayashi

Initial release

2007

2019

1998

2020

Current release

10.7, August 2023

GridGain 8.5.1

cloud service with continuous releases

11 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)

0.9.3, August 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

BSD license

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Java, C++, .Net

C++

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

hosted

AIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows

Linux
macOS

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

Fixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

XQuery supports types

yes

bool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

all fields are automatically indexed

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

ANSI-99 for query and DML statements, subset of DDL

Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset

yes

APIs and other access methods

Java API
RESTful HTTP API
RESTXQ
WebDAV
XML:DB
XQJ

HDFS API
Hibernate
JCache
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data

Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API

JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)

Supported programming languages

Actionscript
C
C#
Haskell
Java
JavaScript

Node.js
Lisp
Perl
PHP
Python
Qt
Rebol
Ruby
Scala
Visual Basic

C#
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R

C
C++
Java
PL/SQL

C++
Java
Python
Ruby

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

yes (compute grid and cache interceptors can be used instead)

Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R

PL/SQL

Triggers

yes

via events

yes (cache interceptors and events)

yes

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/management/updatepolicy

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

none

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

none

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

none

yes (replicated cache)

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes (compute grid and hadoop accelerator)

Spark connector (open source): github.com/Azure/azure-kusto-spark

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

multiple readers, single writer

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

by means of logfiles and checkpoints

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

using specific database classes

User concepts

Access control

Users with fine-grained authorization concept on 4 levels

Security Hooks for custom implementations

Azure Active Directory Authentication

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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