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DBMS > BaseX vs. Citus vs. Milvus vs. Neo4j vs. Vitess

System Properties Comparison BaseX vs. Citus vs. Milvus vs. Neo4j vs. Vitess

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameBaseX  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonMilvus  Xexclude from comparisonNeo4j  Xexclude from comparisonVitess  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionLight-weight Native XML DBMS with support for XQuery 3.0 and interactive GUI.Scalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLA DBMS designed for efficient storage of vector data and vector similarity searchesScalable, ACID-compliant graph database designed with a high-performance distributed cluster architecture, available in self-hosted and cloud offeringsScalable, distributed, cloud-native DBMS, extending MySQL
Primary database modelNative XML DBMSRelational DBMSVector DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.84
Rank#135  Overall
#4  Native XML DBMS
Score2.15
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score2.78
Rank#103  Overall
#3  Vector DBMS
Score44.89
Rank#21  Overall
#1  Graph DBMS
Score0.88
Rank#203  Overall
#95  Relational DBMS
Websitebasex.orgwww.citusdata.commilvus.ioneo4j.comvitess.io
Technical documentationdocs.basex.orgdocs.citusdata.commilvus.io/­docs/­overview.mdneo4j.com/­docsvitess.io/­docs
DeveloperBaseX GmbHNeo4j, Inc.The Linux Foundation, PlanetScale
Initial release20072010201920072013
Current release10.7, August 20238.1, December 20182.3.4, January 20245.20, May 202415.0.2, December 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoBSD licenseOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoGPL version3, commercial licenses availableOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0, commercial licenses available
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Zilliz Cloud – Cloud-native service for MilvusNeo4j Aura: Neo4j’s fully managed cloud service: The zero-admin, always-on graph database for cloud developers.
Implementation languageJavaCC++, GoJava, ScalaGo
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
LinuxLinux
macOS info10.14 or later
Windows infowith WSL 2 enabled
Linux infoCan also be used server-less as embedded Java database.
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Docker
Linux
macOS
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-free and schema-optionalyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateno infoXQuery supports typesyesVector, Numeric and Stringyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalityno
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes infopluggable indexing subsystem, by default Apache Luceneyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsnonoyes infowith proprietary extensions
APIs and other access methodsJava API
RESTful HTTP API
RESTXQ
WebDAV
XML:DB
XQJ
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
RESTful HTTP APIBolt protocol
Cypher query language
Java API
Neo4j-OGM infoObject Graph Mapper
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data Neo4j
TinkerPop 3
ADO.NET
JDBC
MySQL protocol
ODBC
Supported programming languagesActionscript
C
C#
Haskell
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
Lisp
Perl
PHP
Python
Qt
Rebol
Ruby
Scala
Visual Basic
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Groovy
Haskell
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Delphi
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.noyes infoUser defined Procedures and Functionsyes infoproprietary syntax
Triggersyes infovia eventsyesnoyes infovia event handleryes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneShardingShardingyes using Neo4j FabricSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnoneSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsCausal Clustering using Raft protocol infoavailable in in Enterprise Version onlyMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonononono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyBounded Staleness
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Session Consistency
Tunable Consistency
Causal and Eventual Consistency configurable in Causal Cluster setup
Immediate Consistency in stand-alone mode
Eventual Consistency across shards
Immediate Consistency within a shard
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyes infoRelationships in graphsyes infonot for MyISAM storage engine
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datamultiple readers, single writerACIDnoACIDACID at shard level
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes infotable locks or row locks depending on storage engine
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlUsers with fine-grained authorization concept on 4 levelsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardRole based access control and fine grained access rightsUsers, roles and permissions. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)Users with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or roles
More information provided by the system vendor
BaseXCitusMilvusNeo4jVitess
Specific characteristicsMilvus is an open-source and cloud-native vector database built for production-ready...
» more
Neo4j delivers graph technology that has been battle tested for performance and scale...
» more
Competitive advantagesHighly available, versatile, and robust with millisecond latency. Supports batch...
» more
Neo4j is the market leader, graph database category creator, and the most widely...
» more
Typical application scenariosRAG: retrieval augmented generation Video media : video understanding, video deduplication....
» more
Real-Time Recommendations Master Data Management Identity and Access Management Network...
» more
Key customersMilvus is trusted by thousands of enterprises, including PayPal, eBay, IKEA, LINE,...
» more
Over 800 commercial customers and over 4300 startups use Neo4j. Flagship customers...
» more
Market metricsAs of January 2024, 25k+ GitHub stars 10M+ downloads and installations​ ​ 3k+ enterprise...
» more
Neo4j boasts the world's largest graph database ecosystem with more than 140 million...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsMilvus was released under the open-source Apache License 2.0 in October 2019. Fully-managed...
» more
GPL v3 license that can be used all the places where you might use MySQL. Neo4j Commercial...
» more
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