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Implementation language

C, C++

C++, Java

Scala

Server operating systems

Linux

FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
NetBSD
OpenBSD
OS X
Solaris
Unix
Windows

Data scheme

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes: string, long, double, int, geospatial, stream, events

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML-type available, but no XML query functionality.

Secondary indexes

yes

secondary, composite, nested, reverse, geospatial

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL like support with command line tool

yes

standard with numerous extensions

APIs and other access methods

Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

Supported programming languages

C
C#
C++
Java
Python

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java

JDBC
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

Java Stored Procedures

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

Triggers

yes, Notifications (with Streaming only)

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding (enterprise version only). P2P based virtual network overlay with consistent hashing and chord algorithm

Sharding

depending on storage layer

partitioning by range, list and (since PostgreSQL 11) by hash

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor, Knob for CAP (enterprise version only)

Multi-source replication between multi datacenters

depending on storage layer

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Tunable consistency, set CAP knob accordingly

Immediate Consistency

depending on storage layer

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes, optimistic concurrency control

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes, implements WAL (Write ahead log) as well

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes, run db with in-memory only mode

depending on storage layer

User concepts

Access control

yes (enterprise version only)

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

depending on the DBMS used for storage

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

More information provided by the system vendor

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services

3rd parties

CYBERTEC is your professional partner in PostgreSQL topics for over 20 years. As our main aim is to be your single-source all-in-one IT service provider, we offer a wide range of products and services. Visit our website for more details.
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Navicat Monitor is a safe, simple and agentless remote server monitoring tool for PostgreSQL and many other database management systems.
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