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DBMS > Badger vs. Datomic vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OrientDB

System Properties Comparison Badger vs. Datomic vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. OrientDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameBadger  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, persistent, simple and fast Key-Value Store, written purely in Go.Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityFully managed big data interactive analytics platformMulti-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)
Primary database modelKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.14
Rank#331  Overall
#49  Key-value stores
Score1.59
Rank#150  Overall
#69  Relational DBMS
Score4.38
Rank#77  Overall
#41  Relational DBMS
Score3.19
Rank#93  Overall
#16  Document stores
#7  Graph DBMS
#14  Key-value stores
Websitegithub.com/­dgraph-io/­badgerwww.datomic.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerorientdb.org
Technical documentationgodoc.org/­github.com/­dgraph-io/­badgerdocs.datomic.comdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.html
DeveloperDGraph LabsCognitectMicrosoftOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP
Initial release2017201220192010
Current release1.0.6735, June 2023cloud service with continuous releases3.2.29, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial infolimited edition freecommercialOpen Source infoApache version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageGoJava, ClojureJava
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java VMhostedAll OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)
Data schemeschema-freeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesnoyesall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL-like query language, no joins
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesGoClojure
Java
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoTransaction FunctionsYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RJava, Javascript
TriggersnoBy using transaction functionsyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyHooks
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnonenone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno infocould be achieved with distributed queries
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnoneImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononoyes inforelationship in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes inforecommended only for testing and developmentno
User concepts infoAccess controlnonoAzure Active Directory AuthenticationAccess rights for users and roles; record level security configurable

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More resources
BadgerDatomicMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerOrientDB
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