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DBMS > Badger vs. Datomic vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. GraphDB vs. OrientDB

System Properties Comparison Badger vs. Datomic vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. GraphDB vs. OrientDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameBadger  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIM  Xexclude from comparisonOrientDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionAn embeddable, persistent, simple and fast Key-Value Store, written purely in Go.Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Enterprise-ready RDF and graph database with efficient reasoning, cluster and external index synchronization support. It supports also SQL JDBC access to Knowledge Graph and GraphQL over SPARQL.Multi-model DBMS (Document, Graph, Key/Value)
Primary database modelKey-value storeRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMS
RDF store
Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.14
Rank#331  Overall
#49  Key-value stores
Score1.59
Rank#150  Overall
#69  Relational DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score3.32
Rank#91  Overall
#6  Graph DBMS
#4  RDF stores
Score3.19
Rank#93  Overall
#16  Document stores
#7  Graph DBMS
#14  Key-value stores
Websitegithub.com/­dgraph-io/­badgerwww.datomic.comcloud.google.com/­spannerwww.ontotext.comorientdb.org
Technical documentationgodoc.org/­github.com/­dgraph-io/­badgerdocs.datomic.comcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsgraphdb.ontotext.com/­documentationwww.orientdb.com/­docs/­last/­index.html
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeGitHubMedium
DeveloperDGraph LabsCognitectGoogleOntotextOrientDB LTD; CallidusCloud; SAP
Initial release20172012201720002010
Current release1.0.6735, June 202310.4, October 20233.2.29, March 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercial infolimited edition freecommercialcommercial infoSome plugins of GraphDB Workbench are open sourcedOpen Source infoApache version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageGoJava, ClojureJavaJava
Server operating systemsBSD
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java VMhostedAll OS with a Java VM
Linux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java JDK (>= JDK 6)
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesschema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support; RDF shapesschema-free infoSchema can be enforced for whole record ("schema-full") or for some fields only ("schema-hybrid")
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or datenoyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesnoyesyesyes, supports real-time synchronization and indexing in SOLR/Elastic search/Lucene and GeoSPARQL geometry data indexesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLnonoyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011stored SPARQL accessed as SQL using Apache Calcite through JDBC/ODBCSQL-like query language, no joins
APIs and other access methodsRESTful HTTP APIgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
GeoSPARQL
GraphQL
GraphQL Federation
Java API
JDBC
RDF4J API
RDFS
RIO
Sail API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL 1.1
Tinkerpop technology stack with Blueprints, Gremlin, Pipes
Java API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesGoClojure
Java
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
.Net
C#
Clojure
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
C
C#
C++
Clojure
Java
JavaScript
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoyes infoTransaction Functionsnowell-defined plugin interfaces; JavaScript server-side extensibilityJava, Javascript
TriggersnoBy using transaction functionsnonoHooks
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnonenone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersShardingnoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesnonenone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Multi-source replicationMulti-source replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownono infocould be achieved with distributed queries
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemnoneImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency, Eventual consistency (configurable in cluster mode per master or individual client request)
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyes infoConstraint checkingyes inforelationship in graphs
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanoACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes inforecommended only for testing and developmentno
User concepts infoAccess controlnonoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Default Basic authentication through RDF4J client, or via Java when run with cURL, default token-based in the Workbench or via Rest API, optional access through OpenID or Kerberos single sign-on.Access rights for users and roles; record level security configurable
More information provided by the system vendor
BadgerDatomicGoogle Cloud SpannerGraphDB infoformer name: OWLIMOrientDB
Specific characteristicsOntotext GraphDB is a semantic database engine that allows organizations to build...
» more
Competitive advantagesGraphDB allows you to link text and data in big knowledge graphs. It’s easy to experiment...
» more
Typical application scenariosMetadata enrichment and management, linked data publishing, semantic inferencing...
» more
Key customers​ GraphDB provides a platform for building next-generation AI and Knowledge Graph...
» more
Market metricsGraphDB is the most utilized semantic triplestore for mission-critical enterprise...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsGraphDB Free is a non-commercial version and is free to use. GraphDB Enterprise edition...
» more
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