this is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine

support for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer/time-series-analysis

Time Series DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.35
Rank	#282	Overall
	#25	Time Series DBMS

Score	3.80
Rank	#81	Overall
	#43	Relational DBMS

Score	0.10
Rank	#357	Overall
	#51	Key-value stores

Score	0.08
Rank	#364	Overall
	#13	Wide column stores

Website

axibase.com/docs/atsd/finance

azure.microsoft.com/services/data-explorer

github.com/STSSoft/STSdb4

github.com/kashirin-alex/swc-db
www.swcdb.org

Technical documentation

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/data-explorer

Developer

Axibase Corporation

Microsoft

STS Soft SC

Alex Kashirin

Initial release

2013

2019

2011

2020

Current release

15585

cloud service with continuous releases

4.0.8, September 2015

0.5, April 2021

License

Commercial or Open Source

commercial

Community Edition (single node) is free, Enterprise Edition (distributed) is paid

commercial

Open Source

GPLv2, commercial license available

Open Source

GPL V3

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

C++

Server operating systems

Linux

hosted

Windows

Linux

Data scheme

yes

Fixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)

yes

schema-free

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

short, integer, long, float, double, decimal, string

yes

bool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/query/scalar-data-types

yes

primitive types and user defined types (classes)

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

all fields are automatically indexed

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

Kusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset

SQL-like query language

APIs and other access methods

JDBC
Proprietary protocol (Network API)
RESTful HTTP API

Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API

.NET Client API

Proprietary protocol
Thrift

Supported programming languages

Go
Java
PHP
Python
R
Ruby

.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R

C#
Java

C++

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R

Triggers

yes

see docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/kusto/management/updatepolicy

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

Implicit feature of the cloud service

none

Sharding

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication

yes

Implicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.

none

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Spark connector (open source): github.com/Azure/azure-kusto-spark

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

User concepts

Access control

Azure Active Directory Authentication

More information provided by the system vendor

We invite representatives of system vendors to contact us for updating and extending the system information,
and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

Related products and services

We invite representatives of vendors of related products to contact us for presenting information about their offerings here.

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