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DBMS > ArcadeDB vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison ArcadeDB vs. LevelDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. TimesTen

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameArcadeDB  Xexclude from comparisonLevelDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast and scalable multi-model DBMS, originally forked from OrientDB but most of the code has been rewrittenEmbeddable fast key-value storage library that provides an ordered mapping from string keys to string valuesFully managed big data interactive analytics platformIn-Memory RDBMS compatible to Oracle
Primary database modelDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Time Series DBMS infoin next version
Key-value storeRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.10
Rank#358  Overall
#48  Document stores
#38  Graph DBMS
#52  Key-value stores
#35  Time Series DBMS
Score2.25
Rank#115  Overall
#19  Key-value stores
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score1.36
Rank#161  Overall
#75  Relational DBMS
Websitearcadedb.comgithub.com/­google/­leveldbazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationdocs.arcadedb.comgithub.com/­google/­leveldb/­blob/­main/­doc/­index.mddocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerdocs.oracle.com/­database/­timesten-18.1
DeveloperArcade DataGoogleMicrosoftOracle, TimesTen Performance Software, HP infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release2021201120191998
Current releaseSeptember 20211.23, February 2021cloud service with continuous releases11 Release 2 (11.2.2.8.0)
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoBSDcommercialcommercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMIllumos
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedAIX
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris SPARC/x86
Windows
Data schemeschema-freeschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesnoyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesnoall fields are automatically indexedyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query language, no joinsnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
MongoDB API
OpenCypher
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Redis API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
TinkerPop Gremlin
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Supported programming languagesJavaC++
Go
Java info3rd party binding
JavaScript (Node.js) info3rd party binding
Python info3rd party binding
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C
C++
Java
PL/SQL
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresnoYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RPL/SQL
Triggersnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesnoneSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationnoneyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparkno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes inforelationship in graphsnonoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnonoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infowith automatic compression on writesyesyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAzure Active Directory Authenticationfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
ArcadeDBLevelDBMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerTimesTen
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