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DBMS > ArcadeDB vs. Ingres vs. KeyDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

System Properties Comparison ArcadeDB vs. Ingres vs. KeyDB vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameArcadeDB  Xexclude from comparisonIngres  Xexclude from comparisonKeyDB  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast and scalable multi-model DBMS, originally forked from OrientDB but most of the code has been rewrittenWell established RDBMSAn ultra-fast, open source Key-value store fully compatible with Redis API, modules, and protocolsFully managed big data interactive analytics platform
Primary database modelDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Time Series DBMS infoin next version
Relational DBMSKey-value storeRelational DBMS infocolumn oriented
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.10
Rank#358  Overall
#48  Document stores
#38  Graph DBMS
#52  Key-value stores
#35  Time Series DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#82  Overall
#44  Relational DBMS
Score0.70
Rank#229  Overall
#32  Key-value stores
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Websitearcadedb.comwww.actian.com/­databases/­ingresgithub.com/­Snapchat/­KeyDB
keydb.dev
azure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorer
Technical documentationdocs.arcadedb.comdocs.actian.com/­ingresdocs.keydb.devdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer
DeveloperArcade DataActian CorporationEQ Alpha Technology Ltd.Microsoft
Initial release20211974 infooriginally developed at University Berkely in early 1970s20192019
Current releaseSeptember 202111.2, May 2022cloud service with continuous releases
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialOpen Source infoBSD-3commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyes
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaCC++
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMAIX
HP Open VMS
HP-UX
Linux
Solaris
Windows
Linuxhosted
Data schemeschema-freeyesschema-freeFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyespartial infoSupported data types are strings, hashes, lists, sets and sorted sets, bit arrays, hyperloglogs and geospatial indexesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nono infobut tools for importing/exporting data from/to XML-files availablenoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyes infoby using the Redis Search moduleall fields are automatically indexed
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query language, no joinsyesnoKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subset
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
MongoDB API
OpenCypher
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Redis API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
TinkerPop Gremlin
.NET Client API
JDBC
ODBC
proprietary protocol (OpenAPI)
Proprietary protocol infoRESP - REdis Serialization ProtocoMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
Supported programming languagesJavaC
C#
C++
Clojure
Crystal
D
Dart
Elixir
Erlang
Fancy
Go
Haskell
Haxe
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Lisp
Lua
MatLab
Objective-C
OCaml
Pascal
Perl
PHP
Prolog
Pure Data
Python
R
Rebol
Ruby
Rust
Scala
Scheme
Smalltalk
Swift
Tcl
Visual Basic
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresyesLuaYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, R
Triggersyesnoyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicy
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioning infoIngres Star to access multiple databases simultaneouslyShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud service
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationIngres ReplicatorMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnononoSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Strong eventual consistency with CRDTs
Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes inforelationship in graphsyesnono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDOptimistic locking, atomic execution of commands blocks and scriptsno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyes infoMVCCyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoConfigurable mechanisms for persistency via snapshots and/or operations logsyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesno
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardsimple password-based access control and ACLAzure Active Directory Authentication

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ArcadeDBIngresKeyDBMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer
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