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DBMS > ArcadeDB vs. FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. GridGain vs. H2

System Properties Comparison ArcadeDB vs. FoundationDB vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. GridGain vs. H2

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameArcadeDB  Xexclude from comparisonFoundationDB  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonGridGain  Xexclude from comparisonH2  Xexclude from comparison
Created as commercial project in 2013, FoundationDB has been acquired by Apple in March 2015 and was withdrawn from the market. As a consequence, the product was removed from the DB-Engines ranking. In April 2018, Apple open-sourced FoundationDB and it therefore reappears in the ranking.
DescriptionFast and scalable multi-model DBMS, originally forked from OrientDB but most of the code has been rewrittenOrdered key-value store. Core features are complimented by layers.A horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.GridGain is an in-memory computing platform, built on Apache IgniteFull-featured RDBMS with a small footprint, either embedded into a Java application or used as a database server.
Primary database modelDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Time Series DBMS infoin next version
Document store infosupported via specific layer
Key-value store
Relational DBMS infosupported via specific SQL-layer
Relational DBMSKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.02
Rank#366  Overall
#50  Document stores
#38  Graph DBMS
#53  Key-value stores
#36  Time Series DBMS
Score1.03
Rank#190  Overall
#31  Document stores
#28  Key-value stores
#89  Relational DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score1.47
Rank#154  Overall
#26  Key-value stores
#72  Relational DBMS
Score8.13
Rank#49  Overall
#31  Relational DBMS
Websitearcadedb.comgithub.com/­apple/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­spannerwww.gridgain.comwww.h2database.com
Technical documentationdocs.arcadedb.comapple.github.io/­foundationdbcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docswww.gridgain.com/­docs/­index.htmlwww.h2database.com/­html/­main.html
DeveloperArcade DataFoundationDBGoogleGridGain Systems, Inc.Thomas Mueller
Initial release20212013201720072005
Current releaseSeptember 20216.2.28, November 2020GridGain 8.5.12.2.220, July 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0commercialcommercialOpen Source infodual-licence (Mozilla public license, Eclipse public license)
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++Java, C++, .NetJava
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMLinux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
All OS with a Java VM
Data schemeschema-freeschema-free infosome layers support schemasyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesno infosome layers support typingyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonoyesno
Secondary indexesyesnoyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query language, no joinssupported in specific SQL layer onlyyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011ANSI-99 for query and DML statements, subset of DDLyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
MongoDB API
OpenCypher
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Redis API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
TinkerPop Gremlin
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
HDFS API
Hibernate
JCache
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesJava.Net
C
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Ruby
Swift
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
C#
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresin SQL-layer onlynoyes (compute grid and cache interceptors can be used instead)Java Stored Procedures and User-Defined Functions
Triggersnonoyes (cache interceptors and events)yes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingShardingnone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationyesMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.yes (replicated cache)With clustering: 2 database servers on different computers operate on identical copies of a database
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowyes (compute grid and hadoop accelerator)no
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyLinearizable consistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes inforelationship in graphsin SQL-layer onlyyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynoyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationACIDACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesyes
User concepts infoAccess controlnoAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Security Hooks for custom implementationsfine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
ArcadeDBFoundationDBGoogle Cloud SpannerGridGainH2
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