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DBMS > ArcadeDB vs. Citus vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Percona Server for MySQL

System Properties Comparison ArcadeDB vs. Citus vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Percona Server for MySQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameArcadeDB  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonPercona Server for MySQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionFast and scalable multi-model DBMS, originally forked from OrientDB but most of the code has been rewrittenScalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Enhanced drop-in replacement for MySQL based on XtraDB or TokuDB storage engines with improved performance and additional diagnostic and management features.
Primary database modelDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Time Series DBMS infoin next version
Relational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.02
Rank#366  Overall
#50  Document stores
#38  Graph DBMS
#53  Key-value stores
#36  Time Series DBMS
Score2.21
Rank#118  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score2.03
Rank#122  Overall
#57  Relational DBMS
Websitearcadedb.comwww.citusdata.comcloud.google.com/­spannerwww.percona.com/­software/­mysql-database/­percona-server
Technical documentationdocs.arcadedb.comdocs.citusdata.comcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docswww.percona.com/­downloads/­Percona-Server-LATEST
DeveloperArcade DataGooglePercona
Initial release2021201020172008
Current releaseSeptember 20218.1, December 20188.0.36-28, 2024
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availablecommercialOpen Source infoGPL version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaCC and C++
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java VMLinuxhostedLinux
Data schemeschema-freeyesyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.noyes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalitynoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query language, no joinsyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011yes
APIs and other access methodsJDBC
MongoDB API
OpenCypher
PostgreSQL wire protocol
Redis API
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
TinkerPop Gremlin
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesJava.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Ada
C
C#
C++
D
Eiffel
Erlang
Haskell
Java
Objective-C
OCaml
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scheme
Tcl
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.noyes
Triggersyesnoyes
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replicationSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
XtraDB Cluster
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsnonoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes inforelationship in graphsyesyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.nonoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)Users with fine-grained authorization concept infono user groups or roles

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More resources
ArcadeDBCitusGoogle Cloud SpannerPercona Server for MySQL
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