DBMS > ArangoDB vs. Citus vs. LokiJS vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. Snowflake

System Properties Comparison ArangoDB vs. Citus vs. LokiJS vs. Oracle Berkeley DB vs. Snowflake

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

Native multi-model DBMS for graph, document, key/value and search. All in one engine and accessible with one query language.

Scalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQL

In-memory JavaScript DBMS

Widely used in-process key-value store

Cloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured data

Primary database model

Document store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Search engine

Relational DBMS

Document store

Key-value store

supports sorted and unsorted key sets
Native XML DBMS

in the Oracle Berkeley DB XML version

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Document store

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	3.26
Rank	#88	Overall
	#15	Document stores
	#5	Graph DBMS
	#12	Key-value stores
	#10	Search engines

Score	2.15
Rank	#117	Overall
	#56	Relational DBMS

Score	0.49
Rank	#260	Overall
	#42	Document stores

Score	2.01
Rank	#126	Overall
	#21	Key-value stores
	#3	Native XML DBMS

Score	130.36
Rank	#8	Overall
	#5	Relational DBMS

Website

arangodb.com

www.citusdata.com

github.com/techfort/LokiJS

www.oracle.com/database/technologies/related/berkeleydb.html

www.snowflake.com

Technical documentation

docs.arangodb.com

docs.citusdata.com

techfort.github.io/LokiJS

docs.oracle.com/cd/E17076_05/html/index.html

docs.snowflake.net/manuals/index.html

Social network pages

Developer

ArangoDB Inc.

Oracle

originally developed by Sleepycat, which was acquired by Oracle

Snowflake Computing Inc.

Initial release

2012

2010

2014

1994

2014

Current release

3.11.5, November 2023

8.1, December 2018

18.1.40, May 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2; Commercial license (Enterprise) available

Open Source

AGPL, commercial license also available

Open Source

commercial license available

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

ArangoDB Cloud –The Managed Cloud Service of ArangoDB. Provides fully managed, and monitored cluster deployments of any size, with enterprise-grade security. Get started for free and continue for as little as $0,21/hour.

Implementation language

C++

JavaScript

C, Java, C++ (depending on the Berkeley DB edition)

Server operating systems

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

server-less, requires a JavaScript environment (browser, Node.js)

AIX
Android
FreeBSD
iOS
Linux
OS X
Solaris
VxWorks
Windows

hosted

Data scheme

schema-free

automatically recognizes schema within a collection

yes

schema-free

yes

support of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, double, boolean, list, hash

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

specific XML type available, but no XML query functionality

yes

only with the Berkeley DB XML edition

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

via views

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

standard, with numerous extensions

yes

SQL interfaced based on SQLite is available

yes

APIs and other access methods

AQL
Foxx Framework
Graph API (Gremlin)
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Java & SpringData
JSON style queries
VelocyPack/VelocyStream

ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects

JavaScript API

CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

C#
C++
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Rust

.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl

JavaScript

.Net

Figaro is a .Net framework assembly that extends Berkeley DB XML into an embeddable database engine for .NET
others

Third-party libraries to manipulate Berkeley DB files are available for many languages
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)

3rd party binding
Perl
Python
Tcl

JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

JavaScript

user defined functions

realized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.

View functions in JavaScript

user defined functions

Triggers

yes

only for the SQL API

similar concept for controling cloud resources

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

since version 2.0

Sharding

none

yes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Source-replica replication with configurable replication factor

Source-replica replication

other methods possible by using 3rd party extensions

none

Source-replica replication

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

can be done with stored procedures in JavaScript

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency

configurable per collection or per write
Immediate Consistency
OneShard (highly available, fault-tolerant deployment mode with ACID semantics)

Immediate Consistency

none

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

atomic operations within a single collection possible

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

Serialization of a DB in a Node.JS/Cordova/PhoneGap environment. Usage of the IndexedDB-API in a browser.

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

yes

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Graph and Beyond. With more than 11,000 stargazers on GitHub, ArangoDB is the leading...
» more

Competitive advantages

Consolidation: As a native multi-model database, can be used as a full blown document...
» more

Typical application scenarios

Native multi-model in ArangoDB is being used for a broad range of projects across...
» more

Key customers

Cisco, Barclays, Refinitive, Siemens Mentor, Kabbage, Liaison, Douglas, MakeMyTrip,...
» more

Market metrics

ArangoDB is the leading native multi-model database with over 11,000 stargazers on...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

Very permissive Apache 2 License for Community Edition & commercial licenses are...
» more

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.