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DBMS > ArangoDB vs. Citus vs. Ignite vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison ArangoDB vs. Citus vs. Ignite vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. Spark SQL

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameArangoDB  Xexclude from comparisonCitus  Xexclude from comparisonIgnite  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionNative multi-model DBMS for graph, document, key/value and search. All in one engine and accessible with one query language.Scalable hybrid operational and analytics RDBMS for big data use cases based on PostgreSQLApache Ignite is a memory-centric distributed database, caching, and processing platform for transactional, analytical, and streaming workloads, delivering in-memory speeds at petabyte scale.Fully managed big data interactive analytics platformSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing
Primary database modelDocument store
Graph DBMS
Key-value store
Search engine
Relational DBMSKey-value store
Relational DBMS
Relational DBMS infocolumn orientedRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument storeDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score3.26
Rank#88  Overall
#15  Document stores
#5  Graph DBMS
#12  Key-value stores
#10  Search engines
Score2.15
Rank#117  Overall
#56  Relational DBMS
Score3.11
Rank#96  Overall
#15  Key-value stores
#49  Relational DBMS
Score3.80
Rank#81  Overall
#43  Relational DBMS
Score18.04
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websitearangodb.comwww.citusdata.comignite.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorerspark.apache.org/­sql
Technical documentationdocs.arangodb.comdocs.citusdata.comapacheignite.readme.io/­docsdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
Social network pagesLinkedInTwitterYouTubeFacebookInstagram
DeveloperArangoDB Inc.Apache Software FoundationMicrosoftApache Software Foundation
Initial release20122010201520192014
Current release3.11.5, November 20238.1, December 2018Apache Ignite 2.6cloud service with continuous releases3.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2; Commercial license (Enterprise) availableOpen Source infoAGPL, commercial license also availableOpen Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
ArangoDB Cloud –The Managed Cloud Service of ArangoDB. Provides fully managed, and monitored cluster deployments of any size, with enterprise-grade security. Get started for free and continue for as little as $0,21/hour.
Implementation languageC++CC++, Java, .NetScala
Server operating systemsLinux
OS X
Windows
LinuxLinux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeschema-free infoautomatically recognizes schema within a collectionyesyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyes infostring, double, boolean, list, hashyesyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yes infospecific XML type available, but no XML query functionalityyesyesno
Secondary indexesyesyesyesall fields are automatically indexedno
SQL infoSupport of SQLnoyes infostandard, with numerous extensionsANSI-99 for query and DML statements, subset of DDLKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetSQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsAQL
Foxx Framework
Graph API (Gremlin)
GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Java & SpringData
JSON style queries
VelocyPack/VelocyStream
ADO.NET
JDBC
native C library
ODBC
streaming API for large objects
HDFS API
Hibernate
JCache
JDBC
ODBC
Proprietary protocol
RESTful HTTP API
Spring Data
Microsoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC#
C++
Clojure
Elixir
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
R
Rust
.Net
C
C++
Delphi
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Perl
PHP
Python
Tcl
C#
C++
Java
PHP
Python
Ruby
Scala
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresJavaScriptuser defined functions inforealized in proprietary language PL/pgSQL or with common languages like Perl, Python, Tcl etc.yes (compute grid and cache interceptors can be used instead)Yes, possible languages: KQL, Python, Rno
Triggersnoyesyes (cache interceptors and events)yes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicyno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesSharding infosince version 2.0ShardingShardingSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud serviceyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesSource-replica replication with configurable replication factorSource-replica replication infoother methods possible by using 3rd party extensionsyes (replicated cache)yes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsno infocan be done with stored procedures in JavaScriptnoyes (compute grid and hadoop accelerator)Spark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-spark
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency infoconfigurable per collection or per write
Immediate Consistency
OneShard (highly available, fault-tolerant deployment mode with ACID semantics)
Immediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integrityyes inforelationships in graphsyesnonono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDnono
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlyesfine grained access rights according to SQL-standardSecurity Hooks for custom implementationsAzure Active Directory Authenticationno
More information provided by the system vendor
ArangoDBCitusIgniteMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerSpark SQL
Specific characteristicsGraph and Beyond. With more than 11,000 stargazers on GitHub, ArangoDB is the leading...
» more
Competitive advantagesConsolidation: As a native multi-model database, can be used as a full blown document...
» more
Typical application scenariosNative multi-model in ArangoDB is being used for a broad range of projects across...
» more
Key customersCisco, Barclays, Refinitive, Siemens Mentor, Kabbage, Liaison, Douglas, MakeMyTrip,...
» more
Market metricsArangoDB is the leading native multi-model database with over 11,000 stargazers on...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsVery permissive Apache 2 License for Community Edition & commercial licenses are...
» more

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More resources
ArangoDBCitusIgniteMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerSpark SQL
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