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DBMS > Apache Pinot vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. TerarkDB vs. VoltDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Pinot vs. Microsoft Azure Data Explorer vs. TerarkDB vs. VoltDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Pinot  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Data Explorer  Xexclude from comparisonTerarkDB  Xexclude from comparisonVoltDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionRealtime distributed OLAP datastore, designed to answer OLAP queries with low latencyFully managed big data interactive analytics platformA key-value store forked from RocksDB with advanced compression algorithms. It can be used standalone or as a storage engine for MySQL and MongoDBDistributed In-Memory NewSQL RDBMS infoUsed for OLTP applications with a high frequency of relatively simple transactions, that can hold all their data in memory
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMS infocolumn orientedKey-value storeRelational DBMS
Secondary database modelsDocument store infoIf a column is of type dynamic docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-types/­dynamic then it's possible to add arbitrary JSON documents in this cell
Event Store infothis is the general usage pattern at Microsoft. Billing, Logs, Telemetry events are stored in ADX and the state of an individual entity is defined by the arg_max(timestamps)
Spatial DBMS
Search engine infosupport for complex search expressions docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­parseoperator FTS, Geospatial docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­geo-point-to-geohash-function distributed search -> ADX acts as a distributed search engine
Time Series DBMS infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorer/­time-series-analysis
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score0.35
Rank#274  Overall
#128  Relational DBMS
Score3.28
Rank#83  Overall
#45  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#385  Overall
#61  Key-value stores
Score1.38
Rank#156  Overall
#72  Relational DBMS
Websitepinot.apache.orgazure.microsoft.com/­services/­data-explorergithub.com/­bytedance/­terarkdbwww.voltdb.com
Technical documentationdocs.pinot.apache.orgdocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­data-explorerbytedance.larkoffice.com/­docs/­doccnZmYFqHBm06BbvYgjsHHcKcdocs.voltdb.com
DeveloperApache Software Foundation and contributorsMicrosoftByteDance, originally TerarkVoltDB Inc.
Initial release2015201920162010
Current release1.0.0, September 2023cloud service with continuous releases11.3, April 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialcommercial inforestricted open source version availableOpen Source infoAGPL for Community Edition, commercial license for Enterprise, AWS, and Pro Editions
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaC++Java, C++
Server operating systemsAll OS with a Java JDK11 or higherhostedLinux
OS X infofor development
Data schemeyesFixed schema with schema-less datatypes (dynamic)schema-freeyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyes infobool, datetime, dynamic, guid, int, long, real, string, timespan, double: docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­query/­scalar-data-typesnoyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.yesno
Secondary indexesall fields are automatically indexednoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLSQL-like query languageKusto Query Language (KQL), SQL subsetnoyes infoonly a subset of SQL 99
APIs and other access methodsJDBCMicrosoft SQL Server communication protocol (MS-TDS)
RESTful HTTP API
C++ API
Java API
Java API
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesGo
Java
Python
.Net
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PowerShell
Python
R
C++
Java
C#
C++
Erlang infonot officially supported
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresYes, possible languages: KQL, Python, RnoJava
Triggersyes infosee docs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­kusto/­management/­updatepolicynono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodeshorizontal partitioningSharding infoImplicit feature of the cloud servicenoneSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesyes infoImplicit feature of the cloud service. Replication either local, cross-facility or geo-redundant.noneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsSpark connector (open source): github.com/­Azure/­azure-kusto-sparknono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemEventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonono infoFOREIGN KEY constraints are not supported
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of datanonoACID infoTransactions are executed single-threaded within stored procedures
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes infoData access is serialized by the server
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoSnapshots and command logging
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.noyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAzure Active Directory AuthenticationnoUsers and roles with access to stored procedures

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More resources
Apache PinotMicrosoft Azure Data ExplorerTerarkDBVoltDB
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