DBMS > Apache Pinot vs. FatDB vs. Stardog vs. Virtuoso

System Properties Comparison Apache Pinot vs. FatDB vs. Stardog vs. Virtuoso

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

FatDB/FatCloud has ceased operations as a company with February 2014. FatDB is discontinued and excluded from the ranking.

Description

Realtime distributed OLAP datastore, designed to answer OLAP queries with low latency

A .NET NoSQL DBMS that can integrate with and extend SQL Server.

Enterprise Knowledge Graph platform and graph DBMS with high availability, high performance reasoning, and virtualization

Virtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphs

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store
Key-value store

Graph DBMS
RDF store

Document store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	0.40
Rank	#270	Overall
	#125	Relational DBMS

Score	2.02
Rank	#123	Overall
	#11	Graph DBMS
	#6	RDF stores

Score	4.26
Rank	#78	Overall
	#13	Document stores
	#4	Graph DBMS
	#2	Native XML DBMS
	#42	Relational DBMS
	#2	RDF stores
	#9	Search engines

Website

pinot.apache.org

www.stardog.com

virtuoso.openlinksw.com

Technical documentation

docs.pinot.apache.org

docs.stardog.com

docs.openlinksw.com/virtuoso

Developer

Apache Software Foundation and contributors

FatCloud

Stardog-Union

OpenLink Software

Initial release

2015

2012

2010

1998

Current release

1.0.0, September 2023

7.3.0, May 2020

7.2.11, September 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

60-day fully-featured trial license; 1-year fully-featured non-commercial use license for academics/students

Open Source

GPLv2, extended commercial license available

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Server operating systems

All OS with a Java JDK11 or higher

Windows

Linux
macOS
Windows

AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows

Data scheme

yes

schema-free

schema-free and OWL/RDFS-schema support

yes

SQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Import/export of XML data possible

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

supports real-time indexing in full-text and geospatial

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

SQL-like query language

Via inetgration in SQL Server

Yes, compatible with all major SQL variants through dedicated BI/SQL Server

yes

SQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLX

APIs and other access methods

JDBC

.NET Client API
LINQ
RESTful HTTP API
RPC
Windows WCF Bindings

GraphQL query language
HTTP API
Jena RDF API
OWL
RDF4J API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SNARL
SPARQL
Spring Data
Stardog Studio
TinkerPop 3

ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT

Supported programming languages

Go
Java
Python

.Net
Clojure
Groovy
Java
JavaScript
Python
Ruby

.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

yes

via applications

user defined functions and aggregates, HTTP Server extensions in Java

yes

Virtuoso PL

Triggers

yes

via applications

yes

via event handlers

yes

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

horizontal partitioning

Sharding

none

yes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

selectable replication factor

Multi-source replication in HA-Cluster

Chain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Eventual Consistency
Immediate Consistency

Immediate Consistency in HA-Cluster

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

relationships in graphs

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

User concepts

Access control

Can implement custom security layer via applications

Access rights for users and roles

Fine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)

More information provided by the system vendor

Specific characteristics

Virtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more

Competitive advantages

Performance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more

Typical application scenarios

Used for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more

Key customers

Broad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more

Market metrics

Largest installed-base of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more

Licensing and pricing models

Available in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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and for displaying vendor-provided information such as key customers, competitive advantages and market metrics.

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More resources

Recent citations in the news

Real-Time Analytics for Mobile App Crashes using Apache Pinot
2 November 2023, Uber

Speed of Apache Pinot at the Cost of Cloud Object Storage with Tiered Storage
16 August 2023, InfoQ.com

StarTree Announces Integration between Apache Pinot and Delta Lake with StarTree Cloud
20 June 2023, Datanami

StarTree brings Apache Pinot real-time database to the cloud
22 March 2022, TechTarget

Data analytics startup StarTree secures cash to expand its Apache Pinot-powered platform
29 August 2022, TechCrunch

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