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DBMS > Apache Phoenix vs. Kinetica vs. Spark SQL vs. Virtuoso vs. VoltDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Phoenix vs. Kinetica vs. Spark SQL vs. Virtuoso vs. VoltDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Phoenix  Xexclude from comparisonKinetica  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonVirtuoso  Xexclude from comparisonVoltDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBaseFully vectorized database across both GPUs and CPUsSpark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingVirtuoso is a multi-model hybrid-RDBMS that supports management of data represented as relational tables and/or property graphsDistributed In-Memory NewSQL RDBMS infoUsed for OLTP applications with a high frequency of relatively simple transactions, that can hold all their data in memory
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Graph DBMS
Native XML DBMS
Relational DBMS
RDF store
Search engine
Relational DBMS
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
Time Series DBMS
Spatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.06
Rank#123  Overall
#58  Relational DBMS
Score0.66
Rank#234  Overall
#107  Relational DBMS
Score18.04
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Score4.27
Rank#73  Overall
#13  Document stores
#4  Graph DBMS
#2  Native XML DBMS
#39  Relational DBMS
#2  RDF stores
#9  Search engines
Score1.47
Rank#157  Overall
#73  Relational DBMS
Websitephoenix.apache.orgwww.kinetica.comspark.apache.org/­sqlvirtuoso.openlinksw.comwww.voltdb.com
Technical documentationphoenix.apache.orgdocs.kinetica.comspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmldocs.openlinksw.com/­virtuosodocs.voltdb.com
DeveloperApache Software FoundationKineticaApache Software FoundationOpenLink SoftwareVoltDB Inc.
Initial release20142012201419982010
Current release5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 20197.1, August 20213.5.0 ( 2.13), September 20237.2.11, September 202311.3, April 2022
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoGPLv2, extended commercial license availableOpen Source infoAGPL for Community Edition, commercial license for Enterprise, AWS, and Pro Editions
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonononono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaC, C++ScalaCJava, C++
Server operating systemsLinux
Unix
Windows
LinuxLinux
OS X
Windows
AIX
FreeBSD
HP-UX
Linux
OS X
Solaris
Windows
Linux
OS X infofor development
Data schemeyes infolate-bound, schema-on-read capabilitiesyesyesyes infoSQL - Standard relational schema
RDF - Quad (S, P, O, G) or Triple (S, P, O)
XML - DTD, XML Schema
DAV - freeform filesystem objects, plus User Defined Types a/k/a Dynamic Extension Type
yes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononoyes
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesSQL-like DML and DDL statementsSQL-like DML and DDL statementsyes infoSQL-92, SQL-200x, SQL-3, SQLXyes infoonly a subset of SQL 99
APIs and other access methodsJDBCJDBC
ODBC
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
ADO.NET
GeoSPARQL
HTTP API
JDBC
Jena RDF API
ODBC
OLE DB
RDF4J API
RESTful HTTP API
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SOAP webservices
SPARQL 1.1
WebDAV
XPath
XQuery
XSLT
Java API
JDBC
RESTful HTTP/JSON API
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
C++
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Java
Python
R
Scala
.Net
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Perl
PHP
Python
Ruby
Visual Basic
C#
C++
Erlang infonot officially supported
Go
Java
JavaScript infoNode.js
PHP
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsuser defined functionsnoyes infoVirtuoso PLJava
Triggersnoyes infotriggers when inserted values for one or more columns fall within a specified rangenoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingyes, utilizing Spark CoreyesSharding
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Source-replica replicationnoneChain, star, and bi-directional replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsHadoop integrationnoyesno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configurationImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyesnoyesno infoFOREIGN KEY constraints are not supported
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDnonoACIDACID infoTransactions are executed single-threaded within stored procedures
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyesyes infoData access is serialized by the server
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyesyes infoSnapshots and command logging
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes infoGPU vRAM or System RAMnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancyAccess rights for users and roles on table levelnoFine-grained Attribute-Based Access Control (ABAC) in addition to typical coarse-grained Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) according to SQL-standard. Pluggable authentication with supported standards (LDAP, Active Directory, Kerberos)Users and roles with access to stored procedures
More information provided by the system vendor
Apache PhoenixKineticaSpark SQLVirtuosoVoltDB
Specific characteristicsVirtuoso is a modern multi-model RDBMS for managing data represented as tabular relations...
» more
Competitive advantagesPerformance & Scale — as exemplified by DBpedia and the LOD Cloud it spawned, i.e.,...
» more
Typical application scenariosUsed for — Analytics/BI Conceptual Data Virtualization Enterprise Knowledge Graphs...
» more
Key customersBroad use across enterprises and governments including — European Union (EU) US Government...
» more
Market metricsLargest installed-base ​of Multi-Model RDBMS for AI-friendly Knowledge Graphs Platform...
» more
Licensing and pricing modelsAvailable in both Commercial Enterprise and Open Source (GPL v2) Editions Feature...
» more

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More resources
Apache PhoenixKineticaSpark SQLVirtuosoVoltDB
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