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DBMS > Apache Phoenix vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Spark SQL vs. XTDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Phoenix vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Spark SQL vs. XTDB

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Phoenix  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparisonXTDB infoformerly named Crux  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBaseA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processingA general purpose database with bitemporal SQL and Datalog and graph queries
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.97
Rank#126  Overall
#59  Relational DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#103  Overall
#52  Relational DBMS
Score18.96
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Score0.11
Rank#343  Overall
#46  Document stores
Websitephoenix.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­spannerspark.apache.org/­sqlgithub.com/­xtdb/­xtdb
www.xtdb.com
Technical documentationphoenix.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.htmlwww.xtdb.com/­docs
DeveloperApache Software FoundationGoogleApache Software FoundationJuxt Ltd.
Initial release2014201720142019
Current release5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 20193.5.0 ( 2.13), September 20231.19, September 2021
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0Open Source infoMIT License
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaScalaClojure
Server operating systemsLinux
Unix
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows
All OS with a Java 8 (and higher) VM
Linux
Data schemeyes infolate-bound, schema-on-read capabilitiesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes, extensible-data-notation format
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011SQL-like DML and DDL statementslimited SQL, making use of Apache Calcite
APIs and other access methodsJDBCgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
HTTP REST
JDBC
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Java
Python
R
Scala
Clojure
Java
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsnonono
Triggersnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingyes, utilizing Spark Corenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.noneyes, each node contains all data
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsHadoop integrationyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflowno
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integritynono
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationnoACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes, flexibel persistency by using storage technologies like Apache Kafka, RocksDB or LMDB
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancyAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)no

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More resources
Apache PhoenixGoogle Cloud SpannerSpark SQLXTDB infoformerly named Crux
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