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DBMS > Apache Phoenix vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. RDF4J vs. TimesTen

System Properties Comparison Apache Phoenix vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. RDF4J vs. TimesTen

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Phoenix  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonRDF4J infoformerly known as Sesame  Xexclude from comparisonTimesTen  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBaseA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.RDF4J is a Java framework for processing RDF data, supporting both memory-based and a disk-based storage.An in-memory SQL relational database that delivers microsecond response and high throughput for OLTP applications. TimesTen can be deployed as a standalone database or as a cache to a backend Oracle database.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSRDF storeRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score1.90
Rank#125  Overall
#59  Relational DBMS
Score2.69
Rank#101  Overall
#51  Relational DBMS
Score0.72
Rank#222  Overall
#9  RDF stores
Score1.26
Rank#164  Overall
#75  Relational DBMS
Websitephoenix.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­spannerrdf4j.orgwww.oracle.com/­database/­technologies/­related/­timesten.html
Technical documentationphoenix.apache.orgcloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsrdf4j.org/­documentationdocs.oracle.com/­en/­database/­other-databases/­timesten/­index.html
DeveloperApache Software FoundationGoogleSince 2016 officially forked into an Eclipse project, former developer was Aduna Software.Oracle infooriginally founded in HP Labs it was acquired by Oracle in 2005
Initial release2014201720041998
Current release5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 2019Release 22.1
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercialOpen Source infoEclipse Distribution License (EDL), v1.0.commercial
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenoyesnono
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaJava
Server operating systemsLinux
Unix
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Unix
Windows
IBM AIX Power PC 64-bit
Linux arm64
Linux x86-64
Solaris SPARC 64
Solaris SPARC/x86
Solaris x86-64
Data schemeyes infolate-bound, schema-on-read capabilitiesyesyes infoRDF Schemasyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011noyes
APIs and other access methodsJDBCgRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
Java API
RIO infoRDF Input/Output
Sail API
SeRQL infoSesame RDF Query Language
Sesame REST HTTP Protocol
SPARQL
ODBC
ODP.NET
Oracle Call Interface (OCI)
Pro*C/C++ programming interfaces
SQL and PL/SQL via JDBC
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Java
PHP
Python
C
C++
Java
Node.js
PL/SQL
Python
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsnoyesPL/SQL
Triggersnonoyesno
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingShardingnonenone
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Multi-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.noneMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsHadoop integrationyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflownono
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency depending on configuration
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityyes
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationACID infoIsolation support depends on the API usedACID
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyes infoin-memory storage is supported as wellyes infoby means of logfiles and checkpoints
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnoyes
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancyAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)nofine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

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More resources
Apache PhoenixGoogle Cloud SpannerRDF4J infoformerly known as SesameTimesTen
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