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DBMS > Apache Phoenix vs. Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Spark SQL

System Properties Comparison Apache Phoenix vs. Dgraph vs. Google Cloud Spanner vs. Spark SQL

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Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Phoenix  Xexclude from comparisonDgraph  Xexclude from comparisonGoogle Cloud Spanner  Xexclude from comparisonSpark SQL  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBaseDistributed and scalable native Graph DBMSA horizontally scalable, globally consistent, relational database service. It is the externalization of the core Google database that runs the biggest aspects of Google, like Ads and Google Play.Spark SQL is a component on top of 'Spark Core' for structured data processing
Primary database modelRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMSRelational DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.02
Rank#130  Overall
#63  Relational DBMS
Score1.48
Rank#158  Overall
#15  Graph DBMS
Score2.89
Rank#105  Overall
#53  Relational DBMS
Score19.15
Rank#33  Overall
#20  Relational DBMS
Websitephoenix.apache.orgdgraph.iocloud.google.com/­spannerspark.apache.org/­sql
Technical documentationphoenix.apache.orgdgraph.io/­docscloud.google.com/­spanner/­docsspark.apache.org/­docs/­latest/­sql-programming-guide.html
DeveloperApache Software FoundationDgraph Labs, Inc.GoogleApache Software Foundation
Initial release2014201620172014
Current release5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 20193.5.0 ( 2.13), September 2023
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0Open Source infoApache 2.0commercialOpen Source infoApache 2.0
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenonoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

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Implementation languageJavaGoScala
Server operating systemsLinux
Unix
Windows
Linux
OS X
Windows
hostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyes infolate-bound, schema-on-read capabilitiesschema-freeyesyes
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyes
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nononono
Secondary indexesyesyesyesno
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnoyes infoQuery statements complying to ANSI 2011SQL-like DML and DDL statements
APIs and other access methodsJDBCGraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
JDBC infoAt present, JDBC supports read-only queries. No support for DDL or DML statements.
RESTful HTTP API
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
Python
Java
Python
R
Scala
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsnonono
Triggersnononono
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingyesShardingyes, utilizing Spark Core
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
Synchronous replication via RaftMulti-source replication with 3 replicas for regional instances.none
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsHadoop integrationnoyes infousing Google Cloud Dataflow
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynonoyes infoby using interleaved tables, this features focuses more on performance improvements than on referential integrityno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACID infoStrict serializable isolationno
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyesyes
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesnono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancyno infoPlanned for future releasesAccess rights for users, groups and roles based on Google Cloud Identity and Access Management (IAM)no

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More resources
Apache PhoenixDgraphGoogle Cloud SpannerSpark SQL
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Recent citations in the news

Supercharge SQL on Your Data in Apache HBase with Apache Phoenix | Amazon Web Services
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Bridge the SQL-NoSQL gap with Apache Phoenix
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Dgraph on AWS: Setting up a horizontally scalable graph database | Amazon Web Services
1 September 2020, AWS Blog

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20 July 2022, PR Newswire

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10 September 2020, TechCrunch

Dgraph Rises to the Top Graph Database on GitHub With 11 G2 Badges and 11M Downloads
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20 July 2022, FinSMEs

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