DBMS > Apache Phoenix vs. Datomic vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. RethinkDB vs. Snowflake

System Properties Comparison Apache Phoenix vs. Datomic vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. RethinkDB vs. Snowflake

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBase

Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durability

Elastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL Server

DBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime.

Cloud-based data warehousing service for structured and semi-structured data

Primary database model

Relational DBMS

Document store

Relational DBMS

Secondary database models

Spatial DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	2.06
Rank	#123	Overall
	#58	Relational DBMS

Score	1.66
Rank	#144	Overall
	#66	Relational DBMS

Score	19.93
Rank	#31	Overall
	#19	Relational DBMS

Score	2.66
Rank	#107	Overall
	#20	Document stores

Score	130.36
Rank	#8	Overall
	#5	Relational DBMS

Website

phoenix.apache.org

www.datomic.com

azure.microsoft.com/services/synapse-analytics

rethinkdb.com

www.snowflake.com

Technical documentation

phoenix.apache.org

docs.datomic.com

docs.microsoft.com/azure/synapse-analytics

rethinkdb.com/docs

docs.snowflake.net/manuals/index.html

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Cognitect

Microsoft

The Linux Foundation

since July 2017

Snowflake Computing Inc.

Initial release

2014

2012

2016

2009

2014

Current release

5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 2019

1.0.7075, December 2023

2.4.1, August 2020

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

limited edition free

commercial

Open Source

Apache Version 2

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

yes

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Java, Clojure

C++

Server operating systems

Linux
Unix
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

hosted

Linux
OS X
Windows

hosted

Data scheme

yes

late-bound, schema-on-read capabilities

yes

schema-free

yes

support of semi-structured data formats (JSON, XML, Avro)

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

string, binary, float, bool, date, geometry

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

yes

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

APIs and other access methods

JDBC

RESTful HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

CLI Client
JDBC
ODBC

Supported programming languages

C
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

Clojure
Java

C#
Java
PHP

community-supported driver
C#

community-supported driver
C++

community-supported driver
Clojure

community-supported driver
Dart

community-supported driver
Erlang

community-supported driver
Go

community-supported driver
Haskell

community-supported driver
Java

official driver
JavaScript (Node.js)

official driver
Lisp

community-supported driver
Lua

community-supported driver
Objective-C

community-supported driver
Perl

community-supported driver
PHP

community-supported driver
Python

official driver
Ruby

official driver
Scala

community-supported driver

JavaScript (Node.js)
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

yes

Transaction Functions

Transact SQL

user defined functions

Triggers

By using transaction functions

Client-side triggers through changefeeds

similar concept for controling cloud resources

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

Sharding, horizontal partitioning

Sharding

range based

yes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

yes

Source-replica replication

yes

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Hadoop integration

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

docs.microsoft.com/en-us/azure/synapse-analytics/sql-data-warehouse/sql-data-warehouse-table-constraints

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Atomic single-document operations

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

MVCC based

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

recommended only for testing and development

User concepts

Access control

Access Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancy

yes

users and table-level permissions

Users with fine-grained authorization concept, user roles and pluggable authentication

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