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DBMS > Apache Phoenix vs. Datomic vs. Kuzu vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. RethinkDB

System Properties Comparison Apache Phoenix vs. Datomic vs. Kuzu vs. Microsoft Azure Synapse Analytics vs. RethinkDB

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines
NameApache Phoenix  Xexclude from comparisonDatomic  Xexclude from comparisonKuzu  Xexclude from comparisonMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data Warehouse  Xexclude from comparisonRethinkDB  Xexclude from comparison
DescriptionA scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBaseDatomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durabilityAn embeddable property Graph DBMS built for query speed and scalabilityElastic, large scale data warehouse service leveraging the broad eco-system of SQL ServerDBMS for the Web with a mechanism to push updated query results to applications in realtime.
Primary database modelRelational DBMSRelational DBMSGraph DBMSRelational DBMSDocument store
Secondary database modelsSpatial DBMS
DB-Engines Ranking infomeasures the popularity of database management systemsranking trend
Trend Chart
Score2.06
Rank#123  Overall
#58  Relational DBMS
Score1.66
Rank#144  Overall
#66  Relational DBMS
Score0.00
Rank#402  Overall
#41  Graph DBMS
Score19.93
Rank#31  Overall
#19  Relational DBMS
Score2.66
Rank#107  Overall
#20  Document stores
Websitephoenix.apache.orgwww.datomic.comkuzudb.comazure.microsoft.com/­services/­synapse-analyticsrethinkdb.com
Technical documentationphoenix.apache.orgdocs.datomic.comdocs.kuzudb.comdocs.microsoft.com/­azure/­synapse-analyticsrethinkdb.com/­docs
DeveloperApache Software FoundationCognitectMicrosoftThe Linux Foundation infosince July 2017
Initial release20142012202220162009
Current release5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 20191.0.6735, June 20230.4.2, May 20242.4.1, August 2020
License infoCommercial or Open SourceOpen Source infoApache Version 2.0commercial infolimited edition freeOpen Source infoMIT licensecommercialOpen Source infoApache Version 2
Cloud-based only infoOnly available as a cloud servicenononoyesno
DBaaS offerings (sponsored links) infoDatabase as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.
Implementation languageJavaJava, ClojureC++C++C++
Server operating systemsLinux
Unix
Windows
All OS with a Java VMserver-lesshostedLinux
OS X
Windows
Data schemeyes infolate-bound, schema-on-read capabilitiesyesyesyesschema-free
Typing infopredefined data types such as float or dateyesyesyesyesyes infostring, binary, float, bool, date, geometry
XML support infoSome form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.nonononono
Secondary indexesyesyesnoyesyes
SQL infoSupport of SQLyesnonoyesno
APIs and other access methodsJDBCRESTful HTTP APICLI Client
Cypher Query Language
ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC
Supported programming languagesC
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala
Clojure
Java
C
C#
C++
Java
JavaScript
Python
Rust
C#
Java
PHP
C infocommunity-supported driver
C# infocommunity-supported driver
C++ infocommunity-supported driver
Clojure infocommunity-supported driver
Dart infocommunity-supported driver
Erlang infocommunity-supported driver
Go infocommunity-supported driver
Haskell infocommunity-supported driver
Java infoofficial driver
JavaScript (Node.js) infoofficial driver
Lisp infocommunity-supported driver
Lua infocommunity-supported driver
Objective-C infocommunity-supported driver
Perl infocommunity-supported driver
PHP infocommunity-supported driver
Python infoofficial driver
Ruby infoofficial driver
Scala infocommunity-supported driver
Server-side scripts infoStored proceduresuser defined functionsyes infoTransaction FunctionsnoTransact SQL
TriggersnoBy using transaction functionsnonoClient-side triggers through changefeeds
Partitioning methods infoMethods for storing different data on different nodesShardingnone infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersnoneSharding, horizontal partitioningSharding inforange based
Replication methods infoMethods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodesMulti-source replication
Source-replica replication
none infoBut extensive use of caching in the application peersnoneyesSource-replica replication
MapReduce infoOffers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methodsHadoop integrationnononoyes
Consistency concepts infoMethods to ensure consistency in a distributed systemImmediate Consistency or Eventual ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate ConsistencyImmediate Consistency
Foreign keys infoReferential integritynononono infodocs.microsoft.com/­en-us/­azure/­synapse-analytics/­sql-data-warehouse/­sql-data-warehouse-table-constraintsno
Transaction concepts infoSupport to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of dataACIDACIDACIDACIDAtomic single-document operations
Concurrency infoSupport for concurrent manipulation of datayesyesyes, multi-version concurrency control (MVCC)yesyes infoMVCC based
Durability infoSupport for making data persistentyesyes infousing external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)yesyesyes
In-memory capabilities infoIs there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.yesyes inforecommended only for testing and developmentnono
User concepts infoAccess controlAccess Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancynonoyesyes infousers and table-level permissions

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Apache PhoenixDatomicKuzuMicrosoft Azure Synapse Analytics infopreviously named Azure SQL Data WarehouseRethinkDB
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