DBMS > Apache Phoenix vs. Datomic vs. Dgraph vs. EsgynDB vs. SpaceTime

System Properties Comparison Apache Phoenix vs. Datomic vs. Dgraph vs. EsgynDB vs. SpaceTime

Editorial information provided by DB-Engines

Name

Description

A scale-out RDBMS with evolutionary schema built on Apache HBase

Datomic builds on immutable values, supports point-in-time queries and uses 3rd party systems for durability

Distributed and scalable native Graph DBMS

Enterprise-class SQL-on-Hadoop solution, powered by Apache Trafodion

SpaceTime is a spatio-temporal DBMS with a focus on performance.

Primary database model

Secondary database models

Relational DBMS

DB-Engines Ranking measures the popularity of database management systems
Trend Chart

Score	1.97
Rank	#126	Overall
	#59	Relational DBMS

Score	1.59
Rank	#150	Overall
	#69	Relational DBMS

Score	1.45
Rank	#156	Overall
	#15	Graph DBMS

Score	0.16
Rank	#329	Overall
	#146	Relational DBMS

Score	0.00
Rank	#383	Overall
	#7	Spatial DBMS

Website

www.mireo.com/spacetime

Technical documentation

phoenix.apache.org

docs.datomic.com

dgraph.io/docs

Developer

Apache Software Foundation

Cognitect

Dgraph Labs, Inc.

Esgyn

Mireo

Initial release

2014

2012

2016

2015

2020

Current release

5.0-HBase2, July 2018 and 4.15-HBase1, December 2019

1.0.6735, June 2023

License

Commercial or Open Source

Open Source

Apache Version 2.0

commercial

limited edition free

Open Source

Apache 2.0

commercial

Cloud-based only

Only available as a cloud service

DBaaS offerings (sponsored links)

Database as a Service

Providers of DBaaS offerings, please contact us to be listed.

Implementation language

Java

Java, Clojure

C++, Java

C++

Server operating systems

Linux
Unix
Windows

All OS with a Java VM

Linux
OS X
Windows

Linux

Data scheme

yes

late-bound, schema-on-read capabilities

yes

schema-free

yes

Typing

predefined data types such as float or date

yes

XML support

Some form of processing data in XML format, e.g. support for XML data structures, and/or support for XPath, XQuery or XSLT.

Secondary indexes

yes

SQL

Support of SQL

yes

A subset of ANSI SQL is implemented

APIs and other access methods

JDBC

RESTful HTTP API

GraphQL query language
gRPC (using protocol buffers) API
HTTP API

ADO.NET
JDBC
ODBC

RESTful HTTP API

Supported programming languages

C
C#
C++
Go
Groovy
Java
PHP
Python
Scala

Clojure
Java

C#
C++
Go
Java
JavaScript (Node.js)
PHP
Python
Ruby

All languages supporting JDBC/ODBC/ADO.Net

C#
C++
Python

Server-side scripts

Stored procedures

user defined functions

yes

Transaction Functions

Java Stored Procedures

Triggers

By using transaction functions

Partitioning methods

Methods for storing different data on different nodes

Sharding

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

yes

Sharding

Fixed-grid hypercubes

Replication methods

Methods for redundantly storing data on multiple nodes

Multi-source replication
Source-replica replication

none

But extensive use of caching in the application peers

Synchronous replication via Raft

Multi-source replication between multi datacenters

Real-time block device replication (DRBD)

MapReduce

Offers an API for user-defined Map/Reduce methods

Hadoop integration

yes

Consistency concepts

Methods to ensure consistency in a distributed system

Immediate Consistency or Eventual Consistency

Immediate Consistency

Foreign keys

Referential integrity

yes

Transaction concepts

Support to ensure data integrity after non-atomic manipulations of data

ACID

Concurrency

Support for concurrent manipulation of data

yes

Durability

Support for making data persistent

yes

using external storage systems (e.g. Cassandra, DynamoDB, PostgreSQL, Couchbase and others)

yes

In-memory capabilities

Is there an option to define some or all structures to be held in-memory only.

yes

recommended only for testing and development

User concepts

Access control

Access Control Lists (using HBase ACL) for RBAC, integration with Apache Ranger for RBAC & ABAC, multi-tenancy

Planned for future releases

fine grained access rights according to SQL-standard

yes

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More resources

DB-Engines blog posts

Cloudera's HBase PaaS offering now supports Complex Transactions
11 August 2021, Krishna Maheshwari (sponsor)

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